php pdo 准备重复变量

简单的答案是：你不能。PDO 对预准备的语句使用抽象，这有一些限制。不幸的是，这是一个，你必须使用类似的东西来解决

$query = "UPDATE users SET firstname = :name1 WHERE firstname = :name2";
$stmt = $dbh -> prepare($query);
$stmt -> execute(array(":name1" => "Jackie", ":name2" => "Jackie"));

在某些情况下，例如使用某些版本的PDO / MySQL驱动程序模拟预准备语句，支持重复的命名参数;但是，这不应该被依赖，因为它是脆弱的（例如，它可以使升级需要更多的工作）。

如果要支持命名参数的多次出现，则始终可以扩展 PDO 和 PDOStatement（通过经典继承或组合），或者仅扩展 PDOStatement，并通过设置属性将类设置为语句类。扩展的PDOStatement（或）可以提取命名参数，查找重复并自动生成替换。它还将记录这些重复项。绑定和执行方法在传递命名参数时，将测试参数是否重复，并将值绑定到每个替换参数。PDO::ATTR_STATEMENT_CLASSPDO::prepare

注意：以下示例未经测试，可能存在错误（代码注释中记录了一些与语句解析相关的错误）。

class PDO_multiNamed extends PDO {
    function prepare($stmt) {
        $params = array_count_values($this->_extractNamedParams());
        # get just named parameters that are repeated
        $repeated = array_filter($params, function ($count) { return $count > 1; });
        # start suffixes at 0
        $suffixes = array_map(function ($x) {return 0;}, $repeated);
        /* Replace repeated named parameters. Doesn't properly parse statement,
         * so may replacement portions of the string that it shouldn't. Proper
         * implementation left as an exercise for the reader.
         *
         * $param only contains identifier characters, so no need to escape it
         */
        $stmt = preg_replace_callback(
            '/(?:' . implode('|', array_keys($repeated)) . ')(?=\W)/', 
            function ($matches) use (&$suffixes) {
                return $matches[0] . '_' . $suffixes[$matches[0]]++;
            }, $stmt);
        $this->prepare($stmt, 
                       array(
                           PDO::ATTR_STATEMENT_CLASS => array('PDOStatement_multiNamed', array($repeated)))
            );
    }

    protected function _extractNamedParams() {
        /* Not actually sufficient to parse named parameters, but it's a start.
         * Proper implementation left as an exercise.
         */
        preg_match_all('/:\w+/', $stmt, $params);
        return $params[0];
    }
}

class PDOStatement_multiNamed extends PDOStatement {
    protected $_namedRepeats;

    function __construct($repeated) {
        # PDOStatement::__construct doesn't like to be called.
        //parent::__construct();
        $this->_namedRepeats = $repeated;
    }

    /* 0 may not be an appropriate default for $length, but an examination of
     * ext/pdo/pdo_stmt.c suggests it should work. Alternatively, leave off the
     * last two arguments and rely on PHP's implicit variadic function feature.
     */
    function bindParam($param, &$var, $data_type=PDO::PARAM_STR, $length=0, $driver_options=array()) {
        return $this->_bind(__FUNCTION__, $param, func_get_args());
    }

    function bindValue($param, $var, $data_type=PDO::PARAM_STR) {
        return $this->_bind(__FUNCTION__, $param, func_get_args());
    }

    function execute($input_parameters=NULL) {
        if ($input_parameters) {
            $params = array();
            # could be replaced by array_map_concat, if it existed
            foreach ($input_parameters as $name => $val) {
                if (isset($this->_namedRepeats[$param])) {
                    for ($i=0; $i < $this->_namedRepeats[$param], ++$i) {
                        $params["{$name}_{$i}"] = $val;
                    }
                } else {
                    $params[$name] = $val;
                }
            }
            return parent::execute($params);
        } else {
            return parent::execute();
        }
    }

    protected function _bind($method, $param, $args) {
        if (isset($this->_namedRepeats[$param])) {
            $result = TRUE;
            for ($i=0; $i < $this->_namedRepeats[$param], ++$i) {
                $args[0] = "{$param}_{$i}";
                # should this return early if the call fails?
                $result &= call_user_func_array("parent::$method", $args);
            }
            return $result;
        } else {
            return call_user_func_array("parent::$method", $args);
        }
    }
}

在我的情况下，当我从dblib freedts切换到sqlsrv PDO驱动程序时，会出现此错误。Dblib 驱动程序处理重复的参数名称，没有错误。我有相当复杂的动态查询，有很多联合和很多重复的参数，所以我使用以下帮助程序作为解决方法：

function prepareMsSqlQueryParams($query, $params): array
{
    $paramsCount = [];
    $newParams = [];
    $pattern = '/(:' . implode('|:', array_keys($params)) . ')/';

    $query = preg_replace_callback($pattern, function ($matches) use ($params, &$newParams, &$paramsCount) {
        $key = ltrim($matches[0], ':');
        if (isset($paramsCount[$key])) {
            $paramsCount[$key]++;
            $newParams[$key . $paramsCount[$key]] = $params[$key];
            return $matches[0] . $paramsCount[$key];
        } else {
            $newParams[$key] = $params[$key];
            $paramsCount[$key] = 0;
            return $matches[0];
        }
    }, $query);

    return [$query, $newParams];
}

然后你可以这样使用它：

$query = "UPDATE users SET firstname = :name WHERE firstname = :name";
$params = [":name" => "Jackie"];
// It will return "UPDATE users SET firstname = :name WHERE firstname = :name1"; with appropriate parameters array
list($query, $params) = prepareMsSqlQueryParams($query, $params);
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($query);
$stmt->execute(params);