为什么 writeObject 会抛出 java.io.NotSerializableException，我该如何修复它？

serialization exception java notserializableexception

2022-08-31 08:31:40

我有这个例外，我不明白为什么它会被抛出，或者我应该如何处理它。

try {
    os.writeObject(element);
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

其中是一个包含类 Atom 的其他一些实例：elementTransformGroupTransformGroups

public class Atom extends Group implements Serializable{
    float pozX,pozY;
    Group group= new Group();   
    Color3f blue = new Color3f(new Color(255));
    Color3f black = new Color3f(new Color(0));
    Sphere AtSph=new Sphere();

    public Atom(final float WEIGHT, final int BOUNDS,final float radius,Color3f color)
    {
        AppSetting ap= new AppSetting(color, black);
        AtSph=new Sphere(radius,1,100,ap);
    }
}

完整的错误日志：

java.io.NotSerializableException: javax.media.j3d.TransformGroup
    at java.io.ObjectOutputStream.writeObject0(Unknown Source)
    at java.io.ObjectOutputStream.writeObject(Unknown Source)
    at cls.MolecularBuilder.addAtom(MolecularBuilder.java:511)
    at cls.MolecularBuilder$Console.HidrogenItemActionPerformed(MolecularBuilder.java:897)
    at cls.MolecularBuilder$Console$2.actionPerformed(MolecularBuilder.java:746)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton$Handler.actionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.setPressed(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton.doClick(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicMenuItemUI.doClick(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicMenuItemUI$Handler.mouseReleased(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.access$200(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)

AppSetting（在 Atom 类中）只是一个扩展外观的自定义类。

答案 1

对象的字段又具有它们的字段，其中一些字段未实现。在你的例子中，违规类是。如何解决？SerializableTransformGroup

如果该类是你的，请将其Serializable
如果类是第三方，但序列化形式中不需要它，请将该字段标记为transient
如果您需要其数据并且它是第三方，请考虑其他序列化方法，例如JSON，XML，BSON，MessagePack等，您可以在其中获得序列化的第三方对象而无需修改其定义。

答案 2

java.io.NotSerializableException序列化内部类实例时可能会发生，因为：

序列化这样的内部类实例也将导致其关联的外部类实例的序列化

强烈建议不要序列化内部类（即不是静态成员类的嵌套类），包括本地和匿名类

参考：可序列化接口