在 javascript 中从平面数组构建树数组

javascript arrays list tree

2022-08-30 01:23:43

我有一个复杂的json文件，我必须用javascript处理它，以使其分层，以便以后构建一棵树。json 的每个条目都有： id ：一个唯一 id， parentId ：父节点的 id （如果节点是树的根，则为 0）级别：树中的深度级别

json 数据已“排序”。我的意思是，一个条目本身上面将有一个父节点或兄弟节点，而在它自己下面将有一个子节点或兄弟节点。

输入：

{
    "People": [
        {
            "id": "12",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Man",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "6",
            "parentId": "12",
            "text": "Boy",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
                {
            "id": "7",
            "parentId": "12",
            "text": "Other",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "9",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Woman",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "11",
            "parentId": "9",
            "text": "Girl",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        }
    ],
    "Animals": [
        {
            "id": "5",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Dog",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "8",
            "parentId": "5",
            "text": "Puppy",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "10",
            "parentId": "13",
            "text": "Cat",
            "level": "1",
            "children": null
        },
        {
            "id": "14",
            "parentId": "13",
            "text": "Kitten",
            "level": "2",
            "children": null
        },
    ]
}

预期输出：

{
    "People": [
        {
            "id": "12",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Man",
            "level": "1",
            "children": [
                {
                    "id": "6",
                    "parentId": "12",
                    "text": "Boy",
                    "level": "2",
                    "children": null
                },
                {
                    "id": "7",
                    "parentId": "12",
                    "text": "Other",
                    "level": "2",
                    "children": null
                }   
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "9",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Woman",
            "level": "1",
            "children":
            {

                "id": "11",
                "parentId": "9",
                "text": "Girl",
                "level": "2",
                "children": null
            }
        }

    ],    

    "Animals": [
        {
            "id": "5",
            "parentId": "0",
            "text": "Dog",
            "level": "1",
            "children": 
                {
                    "id": "8",
                    "parentId": "5",
                    "text": "Puppy",
                    "level": "2",
                    "children": null
                }
        },
        {
            "id": "10",
            "parentId": "13",
            "text": "Cat",
            "level": "1",
            "children": 
            {
                "id": "14",
                "parentId": "13",
                "text": "Kitten",
                "level": "2",
                "children": null
            }
        }

    ]
}

答案 1

如果使用地图查找，则有一个有效的解决方案。如果父母总是先于他们的孩子，你可以合并两个for循环。它支持多个根。它在悬垂的分支上给出错误，但可以修改以忽略它们。它不需要第三方库。据我所知，这是最快的解决方案。

function list_to_tree(list) {
  var map = {}, node, roots = [], i;
  
  for (i = 0; i < list.length; i += 1) {
    map[list[i].id] = i; // initialize the map
    list[i].children = []; // initialize the children
  }
  
  for (i = 0; i < list.length; i += 1) {
    node = list[i];
    if (node.parentId !== "0") {
      // if you have dangling branches check that map[node.parentId] exists
      list[map[node.parentId]].children.push(node);
    } else {
      roots.push(node);
    }
  }
  return roots;
}

var entries = [{
    "id": "12",
    "parentId": "0",
    "text": "Man",
    "level": "1",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "6",
    "parentId": "12",
    "text": "Boy",
    "level": "2",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "7",
    "parentId": "12",
    "text": "Other",
    "level": "2",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "9",
    "parentId": "0",
    "text": "Woman",
    "level": "1",
    "children": null
  },
  {
    "id": "11",
    "parentId": "9",
    "text": "Girl",
    "level": "2",
    "children": null
  }
];

console.log(list_to_tree(entries));

如果你喜欢复杂性理论，这个解是Θ（n log（n））。递归滤波器解是Θ（n^2），这对于大型数据集来说可能是一个问题。

答案 2

（奖金1 ：节点可以订购，也可以不订购）

（奖金2 ：不需要第三方库，普通的JS ）

（ BONUS3 ：用户 “Elias Rabl” 说这是性能最高的解决方案，请参阅下面的答案）

在这里：

const createDataTree = dataset => {
  const hashTable = Object.create(null);
  dataset.forEach(aData => hashTable[aData.ID] = {...aData, childNodes: []});
  const dataTree = [];
  dataset.forEach(aData => {
    if(aData.parentID) hashTable[aData.parentID].childNodes.push(hashTable[aData.ID])
    else dataTree.push(hashTable[aData.ID])
  });
  return dataTree;
};

这是一个测试，它可能有助于您了解解决方案的工作原理：

it('creates a correct shape of dataTree', () => {
  const dataSet = [{
    "ID": 1,
    "Phone": "(403) 125-2552",
    "City": "Coevorden",
    "Name": "Grady"
  }, {
    "ID": 2,
    "parentID": 1,
    "Phone": "(979) 486-1932",
    "City": "Chełm",
    "Name": "Scarlet"
  }];

  const expectedDataTree = [{
    "ID": 1,
    "Phone": "(403) 125-2552",
    "City": "Coevorden",
    "Name": "Grady",
    childNodes: [{
      "ID": 2,
      "parentID": 1,
      "Phone": "(979) 486-1932",
      "City": "Chełm",
      "Name": "Scarlet",
      childNodes : []
    }]
  }];

  expect(createDataTree(dataSet)).toEqual(expectedDataTree);
});