Handling specific errors in JavaScript (think exceptions)

javascript error-handling

2022-08-30 03:11:38

How would you implement different types of errors, so you'd be able to catch specific ones and let others bubble up..?

One way to achieve this is to modify the prototype of the object:Error

Error.prototype.sender = "";


function throwSpecificError()
{
    var e = new Error();

    e.sender = "specific";

    throw e;
}

Catch specific error:

try
{
    throwSpecificError();
}

catch (e)
{
    if (e.sender !== "specific") throw e;

    // handle specific error
}

Have you guys got any alternatives?

答案 1

To create custom exceptions, you can inherit from the object:Error

function SpecificError () {

}

SpecificError.prototype = new Error();

// ...
try {
  throw new SpecificError;
} catch (e) {
  if (e instanceof SpecificError) {
   // specific error
  } else {
    throw e; // let others bubble up
  }
}

A minimalistic approach, without inheriting from , could be throwing a simple object having a name and a message properties:Error

function throwSpecificError() {
  throw {
    name: 'SpecificError',
    message: 'SpecificError occurred!'
  };
}


// ...
try {
  throwSpecificError();
} catch (e) {
  if (e.name == 'SpecificError') {
   // specific error
  } else {
    throw e; // let others bubble up
  }
}

答案 2

As noted in the comments below this is Mozilla specific, but you can use 'conditional catch' blocks. e.g.:

try {
  ...
  throwSpecificError();
  ...
}
catch (e if e.sender === "specific") {
  specificHandler(e);
}
catch (e if e.sender === "unspecific") {
  unspecificHandler(e);
}
catch (e) {
  // don't know what to do
  throw e;
}

This gives something more akin to typed exception handling used in Java, at least syntactically.