检测 PHP 中的浏览器语言

php cross-browser browser-detection

2022-08-30 06:39:46

我使用以下PHP脚本作为我网站的索引。

此脚本应包含特定页面，具体取决于浏览器的语言（自动检测）。

此脚本不能很好地适用于所有浏览器，因此它始终包含任何检测到的语言（问题的原因很可能是未考虑某些 Accept-Language 标头的问题）。index_en.php

您能给我一个更强大的解决方案吗？

<?php
// Open session var
session_start();
// views: 1 = first visit; >1 = second visit

// Detect language from user agent browser
function lixlpixel_get_env_var($Var)
{
     if(empty($GLOBALS[$Var]))
     {
         $GLOBALS[$Var]=(!empty($GLOBALS['_SERVER'][$Var]))?
         $GLOBALS['_SERVER'][$Var] : (!empty($GLOBALS['HTTP_SERVER_VARS'][$Var])) ? $GLOBALS['HTTP_SERVER_VARS'][$Var]:'';
     }
}

function lixlpixel_detect_lang()
{
     // Detect HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE & HTTP_USER_AGENT.
     lixlpixel_get_env_var('HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE');
     lixlpixel_get_env_var('HTTP_USER_AGENT');

     $_AL=strtolower($GLOBALS['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']);
     $_UA=strtolower($GLOBALS['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);

     // Try to detect Primary language if several languages are accepted.
     foreach($GLOBALS['_LANG'] as $K)
     {
         if(strpos($_AL, $K)===0)
         return $K;
     }

     // Try to detect any language if not yet detected.
     foreach($GLOBALS['_LANG'] as $K)
     {
         if(strpos($_AL, $K)!==false)
         return $K;
     }
     foreach($GLOBALS['_LANG'] as $K)
     {
         //if(preg_match("/[[( ]{$K}[;,_-)]/",$_UA)) // matching other letters (create an error for seo spyder)
         return $K;
     }

     // Return default language if language is not yet detected.
     return $GLOBALS['_DLANG'];
}

// Define default language.
$GLOBALS['_DLANG']='en';

// Define all available languages.
// WARNING: uncomment all available languages

$GLOBALS['_LANG'] = array(
'af', // afrikaans.
'ar', // arabic.
'bg', // bulgarian.
'ca', // catalan.
'cs', // czech.
'da', // danish.
'de', // german.
'el', // greek.
'en', // english.
'es', // spanish.
'et', // estonian.
'fi', // finnish.
'fr', // french.
'gl', // galician.
'he', // hebrew.
'hi', // hindi.
'hr', // croatian.
'hu', // hungarian.
'id', // indonesian.
'it', // italian.
'ja', // japanese.
'ko', // korean.
'ka', // georgian.
'lt', // lithuanian.
'lv', // latvian.
'ms', // malay.
'nl', // dutch.
'no', // norwegian.
'pl', // polish.
'pt', // portuguese.
'ro', // romanian.
'ru', // russian.
'sk', // slovak.
'sl', // slovenian.
'sq', // albanian.
'sr', // serbian.
'sv', // swedish.
'th', // thai.
'tr', // turkish.
'uk', // ukrainian.
'zh' // chinese.
);

// Redirect to the correct location.
// Example Implementation aff var lang to name file
/*
echo 'The Language detected is: '.lixlpixel_detect_lang(); // For Demonstration
echo "<br />";    
*/
$lang_var = lixlpixel_detect_lang(); //insert lang var system in a new var for conditional statement
/*
echo "<br />";    

echo $lang_var; // print var for trace

echo "<br />";    
*/
// Insert the right page iacoording with the language in the browser
switch ($lang_var){
    case "fr":
        //echo "PAGE DE";
        include("index_fr.php");//include check session DE
        break;
    case "it":
        //echo "PAGE IT";
        include("index_it.php");
        break;
    case "en":
        //echo "PAGE EN";
        include("index_en.php");
        break;        
    default:
        //echo "PAGE EN - Setting Default";
        include("index_en.php");//include EN in all other cases of different lang detection
        break;
}
?>

答案 1

你为什么不保持简单和干净

<?php
    $lang = substr($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'], 0, 2);
    $acceptLang = ['fr', 'it', 'en']; 
    $lang = in_array($lang, $acceptLang) ? $lang : 'en';
    require_once "index_{$lang}.php"; 

?>

答案 2

接受语言是加权值的列表（请参见 q 参数）。这意味着只看第一种语言并不意味着它也是最受欢迎的;事实上，q 值为 0 表示根本不可接受。

因此，与其只查看第一种语言，不如解析接受的语言和可用语言的列表，并找到最佳匹配项：

// parse list of comma separated language tags and sort it by the quality value
function parseLanguageList($languageList) {
    if (is_null($languageList)) {
        if (!isset($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'])) {
            return array();
        }
        $languageList = $_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'];
    }
    $languages = array();
    $languageRanges = explode(',', trim($languageList));
    foreach ($languageRanges as $languageRange) {
        if (preg_match('/(\*|[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,8}(?:-[a-zA-Z0-9]{1,8})*)(?:\s*;\s*q\s*=\s*(0(?:\.\d{0,3})|1(?:\.0{0,3})))?/', trim($languageRange), $match)) {
            if (!isset($match[2])) {
                $match[2] = '1.0';
            } else {
                $match[2] = (string) floatval($match[2]);
            }
            if (!isset($languages[$match[2]])) {
                $languages[$match[2]] = array();
            }
            $languages[$match[2]][] = strtolower($match[1]);
        }
    }
    krsort($languages);
    return $languages;
}

// compare two parsed arrays of language tags and find the matches
function findMatches($accepted, $available) {
    $matches = array();
    $any = false;
    foreach ($accepted as $acceptedQuality => $acceptedValues) {
        $acceptedQuality = floatval($acceptedQuality);
        if ($acceptedQuality === 0.0) continue;
        foreach ($available as $availableQuality => $availableValues) {
            $availableQuality = floatval($availableQuality);
            if ($availableQuality === 0.0) continue;
            foreach ($acceptedValues as $acceptedValue) {
                if ($acceptedValue === '*') {
                    $any = true;
                }
                foreach ($availableValues as $availableValue) {
                    $matchingGrade = matchLanguage($acceptedValue, $availableValue);
                    if ($matchingGrade > 0) {
                        $q = (string) ($acceptedQuality * $availableQuality * $matchingGrade);
                        if (!isset($matches[$q])) {
                            $matches[$q] = array();
                        }
                        if (!in_array($availableValue, $matches[$q])) {
                            $matches[$q][] = $availableValue;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (count($matches) === 0 && $any) {
        $matches = $available;
    }
    krsort($matches);
    return $matches;
}

// compare two language tags and distinguish the degree of matching
function matchLanguage($a, $b) {
    $a = explode('-', $a);
    $b = explode('-', $b);
    for ($i=0, $n=min(count($a), count($b)); $i<$n; $i++) {
        if ($a[$i] !== $b[$i]) break;
    }
    return $i === 0 ? 0 : (float) $i / count($a);
}

$accepted = parseLanguageList($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']);
var_dump($accepted);
$available = parseLanguageList('en, fr, it');
var_dump($available);
$matches = findMatches($accepted, $available);
var_dump($matches);

如果返回空数组，则找不到匹配项，您可以回退到默认语言。findMatches