在 PHP 中按权重生成随机结果?
我知道如何在PHP中生成一个随机数,但假设我想要一个介于1-10之间的随机数,但我想要更多的3,4,5,然后是8,9,10。这怎么可能?我会发布我尝试过的东西,但老实说,我甚至不知道从哪里开始。
我知道如何在PHP中生成一个随机数,但假设我想要一个介于1-10之间的随机数,但我想要更多的3,4,5,然后是8,9,10。这怎么可能?我会发布我尝试过的东西,但老实说,我甚至不知道从哪里开始。
基于@Allain的答案/链接,我在PHP中完成了这个快速功能。如果要使用非整数加权,则必须对其进行修改。
/**
* getRandomWeightedElement()
* Utility function for getting random values with weighting.
* Pass in an associative array, such as array('A'=>5, 'B'=>45, 'C'=>50)
* An array like this means that "A" has a 5% chance of being selected, "B" 45%, and "C" 50%.
* The return value is the array key, A, B, or C in this case. Note that the values assigned
* do not have to be percentages. The values are simply relative to each other. If one value
* weight was 2, and the other weight of 1, the value with the weight of 2 has about a 66%
* chance of being selected. Also note that weights should be integers.
*
* @param array $weightedValues
*/
function getRandomWeightedElement(array $weightedValues) {
$rand = mt_rand(1, (int) array_sum($weightedValues));
foreach ($weightedValues as $key => $value) {
$rand -= $value;
if ($rand <= 0) {
return $key;
}
}
}
对于始终偏向刻度一端的有效随机数:
例如。在 PHP 中(未经测试):
function weightedrand($min, $max, $gamma) {
$offset= $max-$min+1;
return floor($min+pow(lcg_value(), $gamma)*$offset);
}
echo(weightedrand(1, 10, 1.5));