如何将文本转换为SVG路径？

php text svg truetype

2022-08-30 10:36:18

我在ttf文件中有一个字体，并希望生成SVG，并将文本转换为路径。我不需要图像（所以使用imagettftext或Image Magick字体渲染功能是不够的），我需要形状，它可以放大和缩小，我想丢失有关所用字体的信息，并且不想在SVG文件中引用它（所以字体声明不能在这里使用）。可能吗？

答案 1

我创建了自己的类来处理SVG字体文件并将文本转换为字形。使用示例：

include "SVGFont.php";
$svgFont = new SVGFont();
$svgFont->load("/path/to/font.svg");
$result = $svgFont->textToPaths("Simple text", 20);

示例结果：

<g transform="scale(0.009765625) translate(0, 0)"><path transform="translate(0,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M92 471l183 16q13 -110 60.5 -180.5t147.5 -114t225 -43.5q111 0 196 33t126.5 90.5t41.5 125.5q0 69 -40 120.5t-132 86.5q-59 23 -261 71.5t-283 91.5q-105 55 -156.5 136.5t-51.5 182.5q0 111 63 207.5t184 146.5t269 50q163 0 287.5 -52.5t191.5 -154.5t72 -231 l-186 -14q-15 139 -101.5 210t-255.5 71q-176 0 -256.5 -64.5t-80.5 -155.5q0 -79 57 -130q56 -51 292.5 -104.5t324.5 -93.5q128 -59 189 -149.5t61 -208.5q0 -117 -67 -220.5t-192.5 -161t-282.5 -57.5q-199 0 -333.5 58t-211 174.5t-80.5 263.5z" /><path transform="translate(1366,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M136 0v1062h180v-1062h-180zM136 1259v207h180v-207h-180z" /><path transform="translate(1821,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M135 0v1062h161v-149q50 78 133 125.5t189 47.5q118 0 193.5 -49t106.5 -137q126 186 328 186q158 0 243 -87.5t85 -269.5v-729h-179v669q0 108 -17.5 155.5t-63.5 76.5t-108 29q-112 0 -186 -74.5t-74 -238.5v-617h-180v690q0 120 -44 180t-144 60q-76 0 -140.5 -40 t-93.5 -117t-29 -222v-551h-180z" /><path transform="translate(3527,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M135 -407v1469h164v-138q58 81 131 121.5t177 40.5q136 0 240 -70t157 -197.5t53 -279.5q0 -163 -58.5 -293.5t-170 -200t-234.5 -69.5q-90 0 -161.5 38t-117.5 96v-517h-180zM298 525q0 -205 83 -303t201 -98q120 0 205.5 101.5t85.5 314.5q0 203 -83.5 304t-199.5 101 q-115 0 -203.5 -107.5t-88.5 -312.5z" /><path transform="translate(4666,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M131 0v1466h180v-1466h-180z" /><path transform="translate(5121,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M75 522q0 268 138 416t358 148q213 0 348 -145t135 -408q0 -16 -1 -48h-792q10 -175 99 -268t222 -93q99 0 169 52t111 166l186 -23q-44 -163 -163 -253t-304 -90q-233 0 -369.5 143.5t-136.5 402.5zM271 633h593q-12 134 -68 201q-86 104 -223 104q-124 0 -208.5 -83 t-93.5 -222z" /><path transform="translate(6260,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="" /><path transform="translate(6829,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M36 922v140h132v263l179 108v-371h181v-140h-181v-621q0 -77 9.5 -99t31 -35t61.5 -13q30 0 79 7l26 -159q-76 -16 -136 -16q-98 0 -152 31t-76 81.5t-22 212.5v611h-132z" /><path transform="translate(7398,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M75 522q0 268 138 416t358 148q213 0 348 -145t135 -408q0 -16 -1 -48h-792q10 -175 99 -268t222 -93q99 0 169 52t111 166l186 -23q-44 -163 -163 -253t-304 -90q-233 0 -369.5 143.5t-136.5 402.5zM271 633h593q-12 134 -68 201q-86 104 -223 104q-124 0 -208.5 -83 t-93.5 -222z" /><path transform="translate(8537,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M15 0l388 552l-359 510h225l163 -249q46 -71 74 -119q44 66 81 117l179 251h215l-367 -500l395 -562h-221l-218 330l-58 89l-279 -419h-218z" /><path transform="translate(9561,0) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)" d="M36 922v140h132v263l179 108v-371h181v-140h-181v-621q0 -77 9.5 -99t31 -35t61.5 -13q30 0 79 7l26 -159q-76 -16 -136 -16q-98 0 -152 31t-76 81.5t-22 212.5v611h-132z" /></g>

我的类的代码：

<?php

/**
 * This class represents SVG pa
 * @author Łukasz Ledóchowski lukasz@ledochowski.pl
 * @version 0.1
 */
class SVGFont {

    protected $id = '';
    protected $horizAdvX = 0;
    protected $unitsPerEm = 0;
    protected $ascent = 0;
    protected $descent = 0;
    protected $glyphs = array();

    /**
     * Function takes UTF-8 encoded string and returns unicode number for every character.
     * Copied somewhere from internet, thanks.
     */
    function utf8ToUnicode( $str ) {
        $unicode = array();
        $values = array();
        $lookingFor = 1;

        for ($i = 0; $i < strlen( $str ); $i++ ) {
            $thisValue = ord( $str[ $i ] );
            if ( $thisValue < 128 ) $unicode[] = $thisValue;
            else {
                if ( count( $values ) == 0 ) $lookingFor = ( $thisValue < 224 ) ? 2 : 3;
                $values[] = $thisValue;
                if ( count( $values ) == $lookingFor ) {
                    $number = ( $lookingFor == 3 ) ?
                        ( ( $values[0] % 16 ) * 4096 ) + ( ( $values[1] % 64 ) * 64 ) + ( $values[2] % 64 ):
                        ( ( $values[0] % 32 ) * 64 ) + ( $values[1] % 64 );

                    $unicode[] = $number;
                    $values = array();
                    $lookingFor = 1;
                }
            }
        }

        return $unicode;
    }

    /**
     * Function takes path to SVG font (local path) and processes its xml
     * to get path representation of every character and additional
     * font parameters
     */
    public function load($filename) {
        $this->glyphs = array();
        $z = new XMLReader;
        $z->open($filename);

        // move to the first <product /> node
        while ($z->read()) {
            $name = $z->name;

            if ($z->nodeType == XMLReader::ELEMENT) {
                if ($name == 'font') {
                    $this->id = $z->getAttribute('id');
                    $this->horizAdvX = $z->getAttribute('horiz-adv-x');
                }

                if ($name == 'font-face') {
                    $this->unitsPerEm = $z->getAttribute('units-per-em');
                    $this->ascent = $z->getAttribute('ascent');
                    $this->descent = $z->getAttribute('descent');
                }

                if ($name == 'glyph') {
                    $unicode = $z->getAttribute('unicode');
                    $unicode = $this->utf8ToUnicode($unicode);
                    $unicode = $unicode[0];

                    $this->glyphs[$unicode] = new stdClass();
                    $this->glyphs[$unicode]->horizAdvX = $z->getAttribute('horiz-adv-x');
                    if (empty($this->glyphs[$unicode]->horizAdvX)) {
                        $this->glyphs[$unicode]->horizAdvX = $this->horizAdvX;
                    }
                    $this->glyphs[$unicode]->d = $z->getAttribute('d');
                }
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * Function takes UTF-8 encoded string and size, returns xml for SVG paths representing this string.
     * @param string $text UTF-8 encoded text
     * @param int $asize size of requested text
     * @return string xml for text converted into SVG paths
     */
    public function textToPaths($text, $asize) {
        $lines = explode("\n", $text);
        $result = "";
        $horizAdvY = 0;
        foreach($lines as $text) {
            $text = $this->utf8ToUnicode($text);
            $size =  ((float)$asize) / $this->unitsPerEm;
            $result .= "<g transform=\"scale({$size}) translate(0, {$horizAdvY})\">";
            $horizAdvX = 0;
            for($i = 0; $i < count($text); $i++) {
                $letter = $text[$i];
                $result .= "<path transform=\"translate({$horizAdvX},{$horizAdvY}) rotate(180) scale(-1, 1)\" d=\"{$this->glyphs[$letter]->d}\" />";
                $horizAdvX += $this->glyphs[$letter]->horizAdvX;
            }
            $result .= "</g>";
            $horizAdvY += $this->ascent + $this->descent;
        }

        return $result;
    }
}

答案 2

解决方法是使用 inkscape（在将 SVG 文档保存到后通过 exec 左右执行它）。在 inkscape 0.49+ 中，您可以简单地通过和，如下所示：file.svg--export-to-svg--export-text-to-path

$ inkscape file_text.svg --export-text-to-path --export-plain-svg file_shapes.svg

在inkscape < 0.49中，您可以手动编写inkscape脚本（请注意，这需要一个X服务器）：

$ inkscape --with-gui --verb EditSelectAll --verb ObjectToPath --verb FileSave \
           --verb FileQuit file.svg