同一模型上的Laravel父/子关系

2022-08-30 17:43:53

设置和虚拟数据

我有一个名为Category的简单模型,它具有以下架构:

|----------------------------------------------|
| cat_id   | cat_name    | parent_id           |
|----------------------------------------------|
|   1      | Home        |   0                 |
|----------------------------------------------|
|   2      | Products    |   1                 |
|----------------------------------------------| 
|   3      | Services    |   1                 |
|----------------------------------------------|
|   4      | Product A   |   2                 |
|----------------------------------------------|
|   5      | Product B   |   2                 |
|----------------------------------------------|

所需输出

因此,您可以看到,我们将得到一个非常直接的层次结构,如下所示:

Home
  - Products
      - Product A
      - Product B
  - Services

问题

我试图在Laravel 4.2中映射这种关系,以便我可以查询模型并获取其父级(它将始终具有父级)和子类别(如果存在)。

我使用以下方法在类别模型中定义了关系:

public function children()
{
    return $this->hasMany('Category', 'parent_id', 'cat_id');
}
public function parent()
{
    return $this->belongsTo('Category', 'parent_id');
}

问题

我可以让父名工作,使用

$category = Category::findOrFail($id);
return $category->parent->cat_name;

但是,我不明白如何获取子对象。

我试过了:

$category = Category::findOrFail($id);
$children = $category->children();

但是当我dd($children)时,它不会输出我所期望的。


答案 1

调用关系函数 () 将返回关系类的实例。您要么需要调用,要么只使用该属性:->children()get()

$children = $category->children()->get();
// or
$children = $category->children;

进一步解释

实际上,这是完全不同的东西。 只需调用您为关系定义的方法。该方法返回的对象 。您可以使用它来应用其他查询方法。例如:children()childrenchildren()HasMany

$category->children()->orderBy('firstname')->get();

现在访问该物业的工作方式不同。你从来没有定义过它,所以Laravel在后台做了一些魔术。children

我们来看看:Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model

public function __get($key)
{
    return $this->getAttribute($key);
}

当您尝试访问实际上不存在的 PHP 对象的属性时,将调用该函数。__get

public function getAttribute($key)
{
    $inAttributes = array_key_exists($key, $this->attributes);

    // If the key references an attribute, we can just go ahead and return the
    // plain attribute value from the model. This allows every attribute to
    // be dynamically accessed through the _get method without accessors.
    if ($inAttributes || $this->hasGetMutator($key))
    {
        return $this->getAttributeValue($key);
    }

    // If the key already exists in the relationships array, it just means the
    // relationship has already been loaded, so we'll just return it out of
    // here because there is no need to query within the relations twice.
    if (array_key_exists($key, $this->relations))
    {
        return $this->relations[$key];
    }

    // If the "attribute" exists as a method on the model, we will just assume
    // it is a relationship and will load and return results from the query
    // and hydrate the relationship's value on the "relationships" array.
    $camelKey = camel_case($key);

    if (method_exists($this, $camelKey))
    {
        return $this->getRelationshipFromMethod($key, $camelKey);
    }
}

然后首先是一些代码,用于检查“正常”属性并返回。最后,在方法的末尾,如果定义了关系方法,则调用该方法。getAttributegetRelationshipFromMethod

然后,它将检索关系的结果并返回该结果。


答案 2

在模型中设置此项并尝试:

public function children()
{
    return $this->hasMany(self::class, 'parent_id');
}

public function grandchildren()
{
    return $this->children()->with('grandchildren');
}

推荐