Gmail API：尝试发送电子邮件时出现 400 个错误请求（PHP 代码）

php google-api gmail-api

2022-08-30 21:10:40

我期望下面的代码发送电子邮件，但我只得到这个：

发生错误：调用 POST https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send 时出错：（400）错误的请求

我在底部得到了一个使用Google开发人员控制台。有什么帮助吗？200 OK

$client_id = '599901532082-js1r50n20q6n5mir9fo1g81qkj9kfn3j.apps.googleusercontent.com';
$service_account_name = '599901532082-js1r50n20q6n5mir9fo1g81qkj9kfn3j@developer.gserviceaccount.com';
$key_file_location = '/tmp/APIProject-cb6558ba6435.p12';

$client = new \Google_Client();
$client->setApplicationName("Client_Library_Examples");
$service = new \Google_Service_Gmail($client);  

if (isset($_SESSION['service_token'])) {
  $client->setAccessToken($_SESSION['service_token']);
}
$key = file_get_contents($key_file_location);
$cred = new \Google_Auth_AssertionCredentials(
  $service_account_name,
  array('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose'),
  $key
);
$client->setAssertionCredentials($cred);

if ($client->getAuth()->isAccessTokenExpired()) {
  $client->getAuth()->refreshTokenWithAssertion($cred);
}
//check if you want the validity of this string at: http://www.komeil.com/toolbox/base64decoder
//it is web safe base64 encoded email
$mime = "RnJvbTogSm9obiBEb2UgPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmVzPiANClRvOiBNYXJ5IFNtaXRoIDx0aXJlbmdhcmZpb0BnbWFpbC5jb20-IA0KU3ViamVjdDogU2F5aW5nIEhlbGxvIA0KRGF0ZTogRnJpLCAyMSBOb3YgMTk5NyAwOTo1NTowNiAtMDYwMCANCk1lc3NhZ2UtSUQ6IDwxMjM0QGxvY2FsLm1hY2hpbmUuZXhhbXBsZT4NCg0KVGhpcyBpcyBhIG1lc3NhZ2UganVzdCB0byBzYXkgaGVsbG8uIFNvLCAiSGVsbG8iLg==";


$service = new \Google_Service_Gmail($client);

$msg = new \Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$msg->setRaw($mime);

try {
  $results = $service->users_messages->send("me", $msg);
  print 'Message with ID: ' . $message->getId() . ' sent.';
  return $message;
} catch (\Exception $e) {
  print 'An error occurred: ' . $e->getMessage();

}

编辑：

这是请求对象。它还包括响应数据：

object(Google_Http_Request)[508]
  private 'batchHeaders' => 
    array (size=3)
      'Content-Type' => string 'application/http' (length=16)
      'Content-Transfer-Encoding' => string 'binary' (length=6)
      'MIME-Version' => string '1.0' (length=3)
  protected 'queryParams' => 
    array (size=0)
      empty
  protected 'requestMethod' => string 'POST' (length=4)
  protected 'requestHeaders' => 
    array (size=3)
      'content-type' => string 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' (length=31)
      'authorization' => string 'Bearer ya29.8gEUMiBLfxS8OLdSmpiQ-EcumeATo2qFAfPtPqwTw9fQ2zVrfZaA1X5OLoBmQccrXr8V8g' (length=82)
      'accept-encoding' => string 'gzip' (length=4)
  protected 'baseComponent' => string 'https://www.googleapis.com' (length=26)
  protected 'path' => string '/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send' (length=32)
  protected 'postBody' => string '{"raw":"RnJvbTogSm9obiBEb2UgPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmVzPg0KVG86IE1hcnkgU21pdGggPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmNvbT4NClN1YmplY3Q6IFNheWluZyBIZWxsbw0KDQpUaGlzIGlzIGEgbWVzc2FnZSBqdXN0IHRvIHNheSBoZWxsby4gU28sICdIZWxsbycu"}' (length=214)
  protected 'userAgent' => string 'Client_Library_Examples google-api-php-client/1.0.6-beta (gzip)' (length=63)
  protected 'canGzip' => boolean true
  protected 'responseHttpCode' => null
  protected 'responseHeaders' => null
  protected 'responseBody' => null
  protected 'expectedClass' => string 'Google_Service_Gmail_Message' (length=28)
  public 'accessKey' => null

object(Google_Http_Request)[508]
  private 'batchHeaders' => 
    array (size=3)
      'Content-Type' => string 'application/http' (length=16)
      'Content-Transfer-Encoding' => string 'binary' (length=6)
      'MIME-Version' => string '1.0' (length=3)
  protected 'queryParams' => 
    array (size=0)
      empty
  protected 'requestMethod' => string 'POST' (length=4)
  protected 'requestHeaders' => 
    array (size=4)
      'content-type' => string 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' (length=31)
      'authorization' => string 'Bearer ya29.8gEUM***fxS8OLdSmpiQ-EcumeATo2qFAfPtPqwTw9fQ2zVrfZaA1X5OLoBmQccrXr8V8g' (length=82)
      'accept-encoding' => string 'gzip' (length=4)
      'content-length' => int 214
  protected 'baseComponent' => string 'https://www.googleapis.com' (length=26)
  protected 'path' => string '/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send' (length=32)
  protected 'postBody' => string '{"raw":"RnJvbTogSm9obiBEb2UgPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmVzPg0KVG86IE1hcnkgU21pdGggPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmNvbT4NClN1YmplY3Q6IFNheWluZyBIZWxsbw0KDQpUaGlzIGlzIGEgbWVzc2FnZSBqdXN0IHRvIHNheSBoZWxsby4gU28sICdIZWxsbycu"}' (length=214)
  protected 'userAgent' => string 'Client_Library_Examples google-api-php-client/1.0.6-beta (gzip)' (length=63)
  protected 'canGzip' => boolean true
  protected 'responseHttpCode' => int 400
  protected 'responseHeaders' => 
    array (size=13)
      'vary' => string 'Origin
X-Origin' (length=15)
      'content-type' => string 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' (length=31)
      'content-encoding' => string 'gzip' (length=4)
      'date' => string 'Fri, 18 Sep 2015 08:34:25 GMT' (length=29)
      'expires' => string 'Fri, 18 Sep 2015 08:34:25 GMT' (length=29)
      'cache-control' => string 'private, max-age=0' (length=18)
      'x-content-type-options' => string 'nosniff' (length=7)
      'x-frame-options' => string 'SAMEORIGIN' (length=10)
      'x-xss-protection' => string '1; mode=block' (length=13)
      'server' => string 'GSE' (length=3)
      'alternate-protocol' => string '443:quic,p=1' (length=12)
      'alt-svc' => string 'quic=":443"; p="1"; ma=604800' (length=29)
      'transfer-encoding' => string 'chunked' (length=7)
  protected 'responseBody' => string '{
 "error": {
  "errors": [
   {
    "domain": "global",
    "reason": "failedPrecondition",
    "message": "Bad Request"
   }
  ],
  "code": 400,
  "message": "Bad Request"
 }
}
' (length=179)
  protected 'expectedClass' => string 'Google_Service_Gmail_Message' (length=28)
  public 'accessKey' => null

答案 1

终于用你的代码发送邮件了：

我认为你对GMail API有一点误解。

若要使用它，必须向 API 进行身份验证。为此，有两种方法：

使用OAuth - 服务器将用户重定向到Google的服务器，他们可以登录，授予对您的应用程序的权限，并将令牌传回给您
服务帐户。这些稍微复杂一些：
- 首先，您必须设置一个应用程序（完成）
- 其次，您必须设置一个服务帐户。这是您的应用向 Google 进行身份验证的方式。您已经做到了这一点，并且您拥有的证书包含用于进行身份验证的私钥
- 第三，用户需要授予您的应用程序访问权限以代表他们执行操作。这是你还没有做到的一点。

因此，您当前正在尝试的是从服务帐户发送邮件，但这不是GMail帐户。

开发人员控制台使用 OAuth 方法，因此尝试此操作没有问题。

另请注意：对于常规GMail帐户，您不能使用“服务帐户”。您必须使用 OAuth。要使用服务帐号，您必须是 Google 企业应用套件客户。

我不会在这里转换OAuth授权，因为它是完全不同的，而且有很多例子。

要授予您的服务帐户代表您的 GMails/Google 企业应用套件帐户发送邮件的权限，请遵循此文档。对于，您必须输入。One or More API Scopeshttps://mail.google.com/,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.modify,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send

设置此代码后，可以发送邮件，只需按如下方式修改代码：

$results = $service->users_messages->send("me", $msg);

不起作用，因为“我”指的是无法发送邮件的服务帐户（见上文）。替换为应从中发送邮件的帐户的用户 ID（邮件地址）：me

$results = $service->users_messages->send("senders_mail@domain.com", $msg);

然后，您需要添加

$cred->sub = 'senders_mail@domain.com';

下面

$cred = new \Google_Auth_AssertionCredentials(
  $service_account_name,
  array('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose'),
  $key
);

另请注意，应该在 -块中。$message$msgtry...catch

在下面，您将找到完整的工作代码：

<?php
require_once realpath(dirname(__FILE__) . '/../src/Google/autoload.php');
$client_id = '*censored*.apps.googleusercontent.com';
$service_account_name = '*censored*@developer.gserviceaccount.com';
$key_file_location = '/tmp/apiKey.p12';


$userid_from='*censored*';
$client = new \Google_Client();
$client->setApplicationName("Client_Library_Examples");


//hmmm, really don't know whether these lines are necessary
if (isset($_SESSION['service_token'])) {
  $client->setAccessToken($_SESSION['service_token']);
}

$key = file_get_contents($key_file_location);
$cred = new \Google_Auth_AssertionCredentials(
  $service_account_name,
  array('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.modify','https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly'),
  $key
);
$cred->sub=$userid_from; //<-- Important!
$client->setAssertionCredentials($cred);

if ($client->getAuth()->isAccessTokenExpired()) {
  $client->getAuth()->refreshTokenWithAssertion($cred);
}

//check if you want the validity of this string at: http://www.komeil.com/toolbox/base64decoder
//it is web safe base64 encoded email
$mime = "*censored*, same content as you posted, but another recipient ;-)";


$service = new \Google_Service_Gmail($client);

$msg = new \Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$msg->setRaw($mime);

try {
  $results = $service->users_messages->send($userid_from, $msg);
  print 'Message with ID: ' . $results->id . ' sent.';
} catch (\Exception $e) {
  print 'An error occurred: ' . $e->getMessage();
}

如果还有任何问题，请随时提问！

答案 2

为了让我的服务帐户客户端正常工作，我需要的一件事并不明显，那就是添加以下内容：

// you MUST do this to avoid 400 error
$user_to_impersonate = 'junk@example.net';
$client->setSubject($user_to_impersonate);