JavaFX 和 maven： NullPointerException： Location is required

我一直在努力让Maven使用JavaFX进行设置。尽管我对 Maven 和 JavaFX 没有经验，但我没想到这会是一个如此大的挑战。我的Java知识非常扎实（包括Swing），没想到在设置它时会有这么大的困难。

我从IntelliJ 13.0 Community Edition提供的JavaFX项目开始。我的 Main 类中的代码相对较小：

package sample;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class Main extends Application
{
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception
    {
        //getClass().getResource("../../resources/sample.fxml");
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("../sample.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
        primaryStage.show();
    }


    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        launch(args);
    }
}

我的也不是太大：pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>sample</groupId>
    <artifactId>JavaFXDemo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <organization>
        <name>RubberDucky</name>
    </organization>

    <build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>com.zenjava</groupId>
                    <artifactId>javafx-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.0</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.zenjava</groupId>
                <artifactId>javafx-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>sample.Main</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
            <artifactId>javafx</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
            <systemPath>${java.home}/lib/jfxrt.jar</systemPath>
            <scope>system</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

我正在使用JavaFX Maven插件来构建应用程序。运行后，一切似乎都很好，所有构建都成功了。但是当我尝试运行应用程序时，我得到以下错误：mvn clean jfx:jar

Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at com.javafx.main.Main.launchApp(Main.java:698)
        at com.javafx.main.Main.main(Main.java:871)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(Unknown So
urce)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.access$000(Unknown Source)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl$1.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.
        at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
        at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
        at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
        at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
        at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(Unknown Source)
        at sample.Main.start(Main.java:15)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl$5.run(Unknown Source)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$5.run(Unknown Source)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$4$1.run(Unknown Source)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$4$1.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl$4.run(Unknown Source)
        at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(Unknown Source)
        at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
        at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.access$100(Unknown Source)
        at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication$3$1.run(Unknown Source)
        ... 1 more

经过一些粗略的调试后，问题似乎出在我加载文件的路径中。将 硬编码到硬盘驱动器上的位置后，应用程序运行没有任何问题。从IntelliJ运行应用程序时的当前设置（见上文）也是如此。sample.fxml

我觉得我已经用尽了所有资源（包括StackOverflow，一些非常相似的错误），但我就是无法弄清楚到底出了什么问题。