在运行时提升 Java 应用程序

java windows admin

2022-09-01 14:47:30

我的软件出现了一个令人讨厌的问题。我正在制作一个与另一个现有软件（游戏）交互的程序。用户报告说他以管理员权限运行游戏，在这种情况下，我的程序停止为他工作。

简短的调查显示，有些人真的需要在管理员帐户下运行游戏，而有些人则不需要。如果我的程序能够检测到这一点并警告用户，如果游戏在管理员帐户下运行，那就太好了：

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如果用户单击“提升”，我想要求Windows提升正在运行的文件并调用典型的UAC对话框。java.exejar

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^{显然，这次的问题不是关于java更新程序，而是JRE。}

我的问题是：这可能吗？窗口可以提升我的实例的权限吗？Java有没有办法做到这一点？或者我可以使用命令行命令吗？java.exe

我想避免重新启动程序（尽管这可能不是什么大不了的事）。

编辑：如果您查看注释，您会发现无法避免重新启动应用程序 - 进程只能启动提升，而不能提升。不幸的是，这有点改变了问题。基本上，它现在听起来更像是：“如何使用管理员权限重新启动我的应用程序？当然，除非有一个技巧，比如两个人共用一个罐子......java.exe

答案 1

如果仍然感兴趣：在Windows 7中，我的JavaElevator可以工作。当在 Java 应用程序的 main 方法中使用时，它会提升正在运行的 Java 进程。只需添加作为最后一个程序参数，并在main方法中使用电梯。-elevate

电梯类：

package test;

import com.sun.jna.Native;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.Kernel32;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.Kernel32Util;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.ShellAPI;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef;

/**
 * Elevates a Java process to administrator rights if requested.
 */
public class JavaElevator {
    /** The program argument indicating the need of being elevated */
    private static final String ELEVATE_ARG = "-elevate";

    /**
     * If requested, elevates the Java process started with the given arguments to administrator level.
     * 
     * @param args The Java program arguments
     * @return The cleaned program arguments
     */
    public static String[] elevate(String[] args) {
        String[] result = args;

        // Check for elevation marker.  
        boolean elevate = false;
        if (args.length > 0) {
            elevate = args[args.length - 1].equals(ELEVATE_ARG);
        }
        if (elevate) {
            // Get the command and remove the elevation marker.
            String command = System.getProperty("sun.java.command");
            command = command.replace(ELEVATE_ARG, "");

            // Get class path and default java home.
            String classPath = System.getProperty("java.class.path");
            String javaHome = System.getProperty("java.home");
            String vm = javaHome + "\\bin\\java.exe";

            // Check for alternate VM for elevation. Full path to the VM may be passed with: -Delevation.vm=...
            if (System.getProperties().contains("elevation.vm")) {
                vm = System.getProperty("elevation.vm");
            }
            String parameters = "-cp " + classPath;
            parameters += " " + command;
                Shell32.INSTANCE.ShellExecute(null, "runas", vm, parameters, null, 0);

            int lastError = Kernel32.INSTANCE.GetLastError();
            if (lastError != 0) {
                String errorMessage = Kernel32Util.formatMessageFromLastErrorCode(lastError);
                errorMessage += "\n  vm: " + vm;
                errorMessage += "\n  parameters: " + parameters;
                throw new IllegalStateException("Error performing elevation: " + lastError + ": " + errorMessage);
            }
            System.exit(0);
        }
        return result;
    }
}

在 Java 应用程序的主要方法中的用法：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String[] args1 = JavaElevator.elevate(args);
    if (args1.length > 0) {
       // Continue as intended.
       ...

我知道，这是一个非常基本的实现 - 足以满足我的日常打嗝之一：从Eclipse开始一个提升的进程。但也许它指出了某人的一些分歧...

答案 2

正如评论中指出的那样，可悲的是，Java（或任何其他进程）在运行时无法提升。虽然在JWM的情况下，理论上可以将整个程序上下文从普通用户java.exe移动到提升的java，但我认为这是不可能的。我希望有一天有人会来告诉我，我错了。

令人惊讶的是，即使重新启动到位，这也是一项棘手的任务，我花了一段时间才弄清楚。

非 java 部分

首先，我们如何准确地运行从命令行提升的程序？有一个答案，你可以看到它并不简单。但是我们可以将其分解为以下VBS脚本：

Set UAC = CreateObject("Shell.Application") 
UAC.ShellExecute "program name", "command line parameters", "working directory", "runas", 1

很快，事实证明，从VBS脚本运行java.exe也不会有任何成功。最后，我决定运行一个帮助程序批处理文件。最后，在这里（最后一个链接中问题的答案），我们有一套完整的两个脚本，它们真正运行给定的文件提升。以下是改进的版本，允许通过将Jar文件拖放到其上来快速测试：.jar

' Require first command line parameter
if WScript.Arguments.Count = 0 then
  MsgBox("Jar file name required.")
  WScript.Quit 1
end if

' Get the script location, the directorry where it's running
Set objShell = CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")

strPath = Wscript.ScriptFullName

Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

Set objFile = objFSO.GetFile(strPath)
strFolder = objFSO.GetParentFolderName(objFile) 
'MsgBox(strFolder)

' Create the object that serves as runnable something
Set UAC = CreateObject("Shell.Application") 
' Args:
'   path to executable to run
'   command line parameters - first parameter of this file, which is the jar file name
'   working directory (this doesn't work but I use it nevertheless)
'   runas command which invokes elevation
'   0 means do not show the window. Normally, you show the window, but not this console window
'     which just blinks and disappears anyway
UAC.ShellExecute "run-normally.bat", WScript.Arguments(0), strFolder, "runas", 0 

WScript.Quit 0

Java 部分

Java部分更直接。我们需要做的是打开新进程并在其中执行准备好的脚本。

   /**
    * Start this very jar file elevated on Windows. It is strongly recommended to close any existing IO
    * before calling this method and avoid writing anything more to files. The new instance of this same
    * program will be started and simultaneous write/write or read/write would cause errors.
    * @throws FileNotFoundException if the helper vbs script was not found
    * @throws IOException if there was another failure inboking VBS script
    */
   public void StartWithAdminRights() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
     //The path to the helper script. This scripts takes 1 argument which is a Jar file full path
     File runAsAdmin = new File("run-as-admin.vbs");;
     //Our 
     String jarPath;

     //System.out.println("Current relative path is: " + s);

     try {
       jarPath = "\""+new File(Main.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().toURI().getPath()).getAbsolutePath()+"\"";
     } catch (URISyntaxException ex) {
       throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not fetch the path to the current jar file. Got this URISyntax exception:"+ex);
     }
     //If the jar path was created but doesn't contain .jar, we're (most likely) not running from jar
     //typically this happens when running the program from IDE
     //These 4 lines just serve as a fallback in testing, should be deleted in production
     //code and replaced with another FileNotFoundException
     if(!jarPath.contains(".jar")) {
       Path currentRelativePath = Paths.get("");
       jarPath = "\""+currentRelativePath.toAbsolutePath().toString()+"\\AutoClient.jar\"";
     }
     //Now we check if the path to vbs script exists, if it does we execute it
     if(runAsAdmin.exists()) {
       String command = "cscript \""+runAsAdmin.getAbsolutePath()+"\" "+jarPath;
       System.out.println("Executing '"+command+"'");
       //Note that .exec is asynchronous
       //After it starts, you must terminate your program ASAP, or you'll have 2 instances running
       Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);

     }
     else
       throw new FileNotFoundException("The VBSScript used for elevation not found at "+runAsAdmin.getAbsolutePath());
   }