如何使用spring-cloud-netflix和假装编写集成测试

java wiremock feign netflix-eureka spring-cloud-netflix

2022-09-01 16:04:10

我使用Spring-Cloud-Netflix进行微服务之间的通信。假设我有两个服务，Foo 和 Bar，Foo 使用 Bar 的一个 REST 端点。我使用一个注释为：@FeignClient

@FeignClient
public interface BarClient {
  @RequestMapping(value = "/some/url", method = "POST")
  void bazzle(@RequestBody BazzleRequest);
}

然后我在Foo中有一个服务类，它调用.SomeServiceBarClient

@Component
public class SomeService {
    @Autowired
    BarClient barClient;

    public String doSomething() {
      try {
        barClient.bazzle(new BazzleRequest(...));
        return "so bazzle my eyes dazzle";
      } catch(FeignException e) {
        return "Not bazzle today!";
      }

    }
}

现在，为了确保服务之间的通信正常工作，我想构建一个测试，使用类似WireMock的东西，对假的Bar服务器发出真正的HTTP请求。测试应确保假装正确解码服务响应并将其报告给。SomeService

public class SomeServiceIntegrationTest {

    @Autowired SomeService someService;

    @Test
    public void shouldSucceed() {
      stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/some/url"))
        .willReturn(aResponse()
            .withStatus(204);

      String result = someService.doSomething();

      assertThat(result, is("so bazzle my eyes dazzle"));
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldFail() {
      stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/some/url"))
        .willReturn(aResponse()
            .withStatus(404);

      String result = someService.doSomething();

      assertThat(result, is("Not bazzle today!"));
    }
}

如何将这样的WireMock服务器注入eureka，以便假装能够找到它并与之通信？我需要什么样的注释魔法？

答案 1

下面是使用 WireMock 通过 Feign 客户端和 Hystrix 回退测试 SpringBoot 配置的示例。

如果使用Eureka作为服务器发现，则需要通过设置属性来禁用它。"eureka.client.enabled=false"

首先，我们需要为应用程序启用 Feign/Hystrix 配置：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

@FeignClient(
        name = "bookstore-server",
        fallback = BookClientFallback.class,
        qualifier = "bookClient"
)
public interface BookClient {

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, path = "/book/{id}")
    Book findById(@PathVariable("id") String id);
}

@Component
public class BookClientFallback implements BookClient {

    @Override
    public Book findById(String id) {
        return Book.builder().id("fallback-id").title("default").isbn("default").build();
    }
}

请注意，我们正在为 Feign 客户端指定一个回退类。每次假装客户端调用失败时（例如连接超时），都会调用回退类。

为了使测试正常工作，我们需要配置功能区负载均衡器（在发送http请求时将由Feiign客户端内部使用）：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(properties = {
        "feign.hystrix.enabled=true"
})
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {BookClientTest.LocalRibbonClientConfiguration.class})
public class BookClientTest {

    @Autowired
    public BookClient bookClient;

    @ClassRule
    public static WireMockClassRule wiremock = new WireMockClassRule(
            wireMockConfig().dynamicPort()));

    @Before
    public void setup() throws IOException {
        stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/book/12345"))
                .willReturn(aResponse()
                        .withStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value())
                        .withHeader("Content-Type", MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                        .withBody(StreamUtils.copyToString(getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("fixtures/book.json"), Charset.defaultCharset()))));
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindById() {
        Book result = bookClient.findById("12345");

        assertNotNull("should not be null", result);
        assertThat(result.getId(), is("12345"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByIdFallback() {
        stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/book/12345"))
                .willReturn(aResponse().withFixedDelay(60000)));

        Book result = bookClient.findById("12345");

        assertNotNull("should not be null", result);
        assertThat(result.getId(), is("fallback-id"));
    }

    @TestConfiguration
    public static class LocalRibbonClientConfiguration {
        @Bean
        public ServerList<Server> ribbonServerList() {
            return new StaticServerList<>(new Server("localhost", wiremock.port()));
        }
    }
}

功能区服务器列表需要与我们的 WireMock 配置的 url（主机和端口）匹配。

答案 2

这是一个示例，如何使用随机端口（基于Spring-Boot github答案）进行Feig和WireMock的布线。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(properties = "google.url=http://google.com") // emulate application.properties
@ContextConfiguration(initializers = PortTest.RandomPortInitializer.class)
@EnableFeignClients(clients = PortTest.Google.class)
public class PortTest {

    @ClassRule
    public static WireMockClassRule wireMockRule = new WireMockClassRule(
        wireMockConfig().dynamicPort()
    );

    @FeignClient(name = "google", url = "${google.url}")
    public interface Google {    
        @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/")
        String request();
    }

    @Autowired
    public Google google;

    @Test
    public void testName() throws Exception {
        stubFor(get(urlEqualTo("/"))
                .willReturn(aResponse()
                        .withStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value())
                        .withBody("Hello")));

        assertEquals("Hello", google.request());
    }


    public static class RandomPortInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
        @Override
        public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {

            // If the next statement is commented out, 
            // Feign will go to google.com instead of localhost
            TestPropertySourceUtils
                .addInlinedPropertiesToEnvironment(applicationContext,
                    "google.url=" + "http://localhost:" + wireMockRule.port()
            );
        }
    }
}

或者，您可以尝试使用测试方法。System.setProperty()@BeforeClass