使用 Mockito,如何与地图的键值对进行匹配?

2022-09-02 00:33:05

我需要根据特定的键值从模拟对象发送特定值。

从具体类:

map.put("xpath", "PRICE");
search(map);

从测试用例中:

IOurXMLDocument mock = mock(IOurXMLDocument.class);
when(mock.search(.....need help here).thenReturn("$100.00");

如何模拟此键值对的此方法调用?


答案 1

我发现这试图解决使用Map参数创建Mockito存根的类似问题。我不想为有问题的地图编写自定义匹配器,然后我发现了一个更优雅的解决方案:将hamcrest库中的附加匹配器与mockito的argThat一起使用:

when(mock.search(argThat(hasEntry("xpath", "PRICE"))).thenReturn("$100.00");

如果您需要检查多个条目,则可以使用其他hamcrest好东西:

when(mock.search(argThat(allOf(hasEntry("xpath", "PRICE"), hasEntry("otherKey", "otherValue")))).thenReturn("$100.00");

对于非平凡的地图来说,这开始变得很长,所以我最终提取了收集条目匹配器的方法,并将它们粘贴到我们的TestUtils中:

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.allOf;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.anyOf;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasEntry;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.hamcrest.Matcher;
---------------------------------
public static <K, V> Matcher<Map<K, V>> matchesEntriesIn(Map<K, V> map) {
    return allOf(buildMatcherArray(map));
}

public static <K, V> Matcher<Map<K, V>> matchesAnyEntryIn(Map<K, V> map) {
    return anyOf(buildMatcherArray(map));
}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private static <K, V> Matcher<Map<? extends K, ? extends V>>[] buildMatcherArray(Map<K, V> map) {
    List<Matcher<Map<? extends K, ? extends V>>> entries = new ArrayList<Matcher<Map<? extends K, ? extends V>>>();
    for (K key : map.keySet()) {
        entries.add(hasEntry(key, map.get(key)));
    }
    return entries.toArray(new Matcher[entries.size()]);
}

所以我剩下:

when(mock.search(argThat(matchesEntriesIn(map))).thenReturn("$100.00");
when(mock.search(argThat(matchesAnyEntryIn(map))).thenReturn("$100.00");

泛型有一些丑陋,我正在抑制一个警告,但至少它是干燥的,隐藏在TestUtil中。

最后要注意的是,当心 JUnit 4.10 中嵌入的 hamcrest 问题。对于 Maven,我建议先导入 hamcrest-library,然后再导入 JUnit 4.11(现在是 4.12),并从 JUnit 中排除 hamcrest-core 只是为了更好的措施:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
    <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
            <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.5</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

编辑:2017年9月1日 - 根据一些评论,我更新了我的答案,以显示我的Mockito依赖性,我在测试实用程序中的导入以及截至今天运行绿色的junit:

import static blah.tool.testutil.TestUtil.matchesAnyEntryIn;
import static blah.tool.testutil.TestUtil.matchesEntriesIn;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import static org.mockito.Matchers.argThat;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.junit.Test;

public class TestUtilTest {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        Map<Integer, String> expected = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
        expected.put(1, "One");
        expected.put(3, "Three");

        Map<Integer, String> actual = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
        actual.put(1, "One");
        actual.put(2, "Two");

        assertThat(actual, matchesAnyEntryIn(expected));

        expected.remove(3);
        expected.put(2, "Two");
        assertThat(actual, matchesEntriesIn(expected));
    }

    @Test
    public void mockitoTest() {
        SystemUnderTest sut = mock(SystemUnderTest.class);
        Map<Integer, String> expected = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
        expected.put(1, "One");
        expected.put(3, "Three");

        Map<Integer, String> actual = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
        actual.put(1, "One");

        when(sut.search(argThat(matchesAnyEntryIn(expected)))).thenReturn("Response");
        assertThat(sut.search(actual), is("Response"));
    }

    protected class SystemUnderTest {
        // We don't really care what this does
        public String search(Map<Integer, String> map) {
            if (map == null) return null;
            return map.get(0);
        }
    }
}

答案 2

如果您只想与特定的Map“匹配”,则可以使用上面的一些答案,或者扩展Map<X,Y>的自定义“匹配器”对象或ArsignCaptor,如下所示:

ArgumentCaptor<Map> argumentsCaptured = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Map.class);
verify(mock, times(1)).method((Map<String, String>) argumentsCaptured.capture());
assert argumentsCaptured.getValue().containsKey("keynameExpected"); 
// argumentsCaptured.getValue() will be the first Map it called it with.
// argumentsCaptured.getAllValues() if it was called more than times(1)

在此处查看更多答案:使用 mockito 验证对象属性值

如果要捕获多个地图:

ArgumentCaptor<Map> argumentsCaptured = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Map.class);
ArgumentCaptor<Map> argumentsCaptured2 = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Map.class);
verify(mock, times(1)).method(argumentsCaptured.capture(), argumentsCaptured2.capture());
assert argumentsCaptured.getValue().containsKey("keynameExpected"); 
assert argumentsCaptured2.getValue().containsKey("keynameExpected2"); 
....

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