制作通用数组是不是不好的做法,还有什么替代方案?
我已经在学校和C++一起编码了3年。我2天前才开始用Java编码;我的问题是:
制作泛型数组是不是不好的做法?还有什么替代方案?
我很困惑,除了做一些奇怪的事情之外,我似乎无法制作一个通用数组,例如这个例子:
//Class implementing the MergeSort algorithm with generic types
// Revised by Doina January 2014
package Sorting;
import java.lang.*;
public class MergeSort {
// Wrapper method for the real algorithm
// T is the generic type which will be instantiated at runtime
// elementas are required to be comparable
public static <T extends Comparable<T>> void sort(T[] a) {
mergesort(a, 0, a.length - 1);
}
// Recursive mergesort method, following the pseudocode
private static <T extends Comparable<T>> void mergesort(T[] a, int i, int j) {
if (j - i < 1) return;
int mid = (i + j) / 2;
mergesort(a, i, mid);
mergesort(a, mid + 1, j);
merge(a, i, mid, j);
}
// Merge method
// Here we need to allocate a new array, but Java does not allow allocating arrays of a generic type
// As a work-around we allocate an array of type Object[] the use type casting
// This would usually generate a warning, which is suppressed
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private static <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] a, int p, int mid, int q) {
Object[] tmp = new Object[q - p + 1];
int i = p;
int j = mid + 1;
int k = 0;
while (i <= mid && j <= q) {
if (a[i].compareTo(a[j]) <= 0)
tmp[k] = a[i++];
else
tmp[k] = a[j++];
k++;
}
if (i <= mid && j > q) {
while (i <= mid)
tmp[k++] = a[i++];
} else {
while (j <= q)
tmp[k++] = a[j++];
}
for (k = 0; k < tmp.length; k++) {
a[k + p] = (T) (tmp[k]); // this is the line that woudl generate the warning
}
}
// Main methos to test the code, using Integer Objects
public static void main(String[] args) {
Integer[] a = new Integer[5];
a[0] = new Integer(2);
a[1] = new Integer(1);
a[2] = new Integer(4);
a[3] = new Integer(3);
a[4] = new Integer(-1);
// T will be instantiated to Integer as a resutl of this call
MergeSort.sort(a);
// Print the result after the sorting
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
System.out.println(a[i].toString());
}
}