如何从 Java 访问 Windows 事件查看器日志数据

http://www.j-interop.org/ 是一个开源Java库，它不使用任何本机代码即可实现DCOM协议规范。（即，您可以使用它从非Windows客户端上运行的Java代码访问远程Windows主机上的DCOM对象）。

微软通过Windows Management Instrumentation（WMI）公开了大量系统信息。WMI可以通过DCOM远程访问，Microsoft的网站上有大量关于这个主题的文档。碰巧的是，您可以通过此可远程访问的界面访问 Windows 事件日志。

通过使用 j-interop，您可以远程创建 WbemScripting.SWbemLocator WMI 对象的实例，然后连接到远程 Windows 主机上的 Windows Management Instrumentation （WMI） 服务。从那里，您可以提交一个查询，该查询将在写入新的事件日志条目时通知您。

请注意，这确实要求您在远程 Windows 主机上正确启用和配置 DCOM，并且已在任何防火墙中设置了适当的例外。有关此内容的详细信息可以在线搜索，也可以从上面的 j-interop 站点中引用。

以下示例使用远程主机的 NT 域、主机名、用户名和密码连接到远程主机，并位于循环中，在 Windows 记录每个事件日志条目时转储这些条目。用户必须已被授予适当的远程 DCOM 访问权限，但不必是管理员。

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;

import org.jinterop.dcom.common.JIException;
import org.jinterop.dcom.common.JISystem;
import org.jinterop.dcom.core.JIComServer;
import org.jinterop.dcom.core.JIProgId;
import org.jinterop.dcom.core.JISession;
import org.jinterop.dcom.core.JIString;
import org.jinterop.dcom.core.JIVariant;
import org.jinterop.dcom.impls.JIObjectFactory;
import org.jinterop.dcom.impls.automation.IJIDispatch;

public class EventLogListener
{

    private static final String WMI_DEFAULT_NAMESPACE = "ROOT\\CIMV2";


    private static JISession configAndConnectDCom( String domain, String user, String pass ) throws Exception
    {
        JISystem.getLogger().setLevel( Level.OFF );

        try
        {
            JISystem.setInBuiltLogHandler( false );
        }
        catch ( IOException ignored )
        {
            ;
        }

        JISystem.setAutoRegisteration( true );

        JISession dcomSession = JISession.createSession( domain, user, pass );
        dcomSession.useSessionSecurity( true );
        return dcomSession;
    }


    private static IJIDispatch getWmiLocator( String host, JISession dcomSession ) throws Exception
    {
        JIComServer wbemLocatorComObj = new JIComServer( JIProgId.valueOf( "WbemScripting.SWbemLocator" ), host, dcomSession );
        return (IJIDispatch) JIObjectFactory.narrowObject( wbemLocatorComObj.createInstance().queryInterface( IJIDispatch.IID ) );
    }


    private static IJIDispatch toIDispatch( JIVariant comObjectAsVariant ) throws JIException
    {
        return (IJIDispatch) JIObjectFactory.narrowObject( comObjectAsVariant.getObjectAsComObject() );
    }


    public static void main( String[] args )
    {

        if ( args.length != 4 )
        {
            System.out.println( "Usage: " + EventLogListener.class.getSimpleName() + " domain host username password" );
            return;
        }

        String domain = args[ 0 ];
        String host = args[ 1 ];
        String user = args[ 2 ];
        String pass = args[ 3 ];

        JISession dcomSession = null;

        try
        {
            // Connect to DCOM on the remote system, and create an instance of the WbemScripting.SWbemLocator object to talk to WMI.
            dcomSession = configAndConnectDCom( domain, user, pass );
            IJIDispatch wbemLocator = getWmiLocator( host, dcomSession );

            // Invoke the "ConnectServer" method on the SWbemLocator object via it's IDispatch COM pointer. We will connect to
            // the default ROOT\CIMV2 namespace. This will result in us having a reference to a "SWbemServices" object.
            JIVariant results[] =
                    wbemLocator.callMethodA( "ConnectServer", new Object[] { new JIString( host ), new JIString( WMI_DEFAULT_NAMESPACE ),
                            JIVariant.OPTIONAL_PARAM(), JIVariant.OPTIONAL_PARAM(), JIVariant.OPTIONAL_PARAM(), JIVariant.OPTIONAL_PARAM(), new Integer( 0 ),
                            JIVariant.OPTIONAL_PARAM() } );

            IJIDispatch wbemServices = toIDispatch( results[ 0 ] );

            // Now that we have a SWbemServices DCOM object reference, we prepare a WMI Query Language (WQL) request to be informed whenever a
            // new instance of the "Win32_NTLogEvent" WMI class is created on the remote host. This is submitted to the remote host via the
            // "ExecNotificationQuery" method on SWbemServices. This gives us all events as they come in. Refer to WQL documentation to
            // learn how to restrict the query if you want a narrower focus.
            final String QUERY_FOR_ALL_LOG_EVENTS = "SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_NTLogEvent'";
            final int RETURN_IMMEDIATE = 16;
            final int FORWARD_ONLY = 32;

            JIVariant[] eventSourceSet =
                    wbemServices.callMethodA( "ExecNotificationQuery", new Object[] { new JIString( QUERY_FOR_ALL_LOG_EVENTS ), new JIString( "WQL" ),
                            new JIVariant( new Integer( RETURN_IMMEDIATE + FORWARD_ONLY ) ) } );
            IJIDispatch wbemEventSource = (IJIDispatch) JIObjectFactory.narrowObject( ( eventSourceSet[ 0 ] ).getObjectAsComObject() );

            // The result of the query is a SWbemEventSource object. This object exposes a method that we can call in a loop to retrieve the
            // next Windows Event Log entry whenever it is created. This "NextEvent" operation will block until we are given an event.
            // Note that you can specify timeouts, see the Microsoft documentation for more details.
            while ( true )
            {
                // this blocks until an event log entry appears.
                JIVariant eventAsVariant = (JIVariant) ( wbemEventSource.callMethodA( "NextEvent", new Object[] { JIVariant.OPTIONAL_PARAM() } ) )[ 0 ];
                IJIDispatch wbemEvent = toIDispatch( eventAsVariant );

                // WMI gives us events as SWbemObject instances (a base class of any WMI object). We know in our case we asked for a specific object
                // type, so we will go ahead and invoke methods supported by that Win32_NTLogEvent class via the wbemEvent IDispatch pointer.
                // In this case, we simply call the "GetObjectText_" method that returns us the entire object as a CIM formatted string. We could,
                // however, ask the object for its property values via wbemEvent.get("PropertyName"). See the j-interop documentation and examples
                // for how to query COM properties.
                JIVariant objTextAsVariant = (JIVariant) ( wbemEvent.callMethodA( "GetObjectText_", new Object[] { new Integer( 1 ) } ) )[ 0 ];
                String asText = objTextAsVariant.getObjectAsString().getString();
                System.out.println( asText );
            }
        }
        catch ( Exception e )
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally
        {
            if ( null != dcomSession )
            {
                try
                {
                    JISession.destroySession( dcomSession );
                }
                catch ( Exception ex )
                {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

~

在Java方面，您需要一个允许进行本机调用的库。Sun提供了JNI，但听起来有点痛苦。还要考虑：

• https://github.com/twall/jna/
• http://johannburkard.de/software/nativecall/
• http://www.jinvoke.com/

在Windows方面，你追求的功能是OpenEventLog。这应该允许您访问远程事件日志。另请参阅查询事件信息。

如果这听起来不对，我也发现了直接解析日志文件的方法（这不是我推荐的方法，但仍然很有趣）：

• http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb309026.aspx
• http://objectmix.com/java/75154-regarding-windows-event-log-file-parser-java.html