JPQL 多对多选

我在两个实体之间有一个多对多的关系，称为：汽车和经销商。

在原生MySQL中，我有：

car (id and other values)
dealership (id and other values)
car_dealership  (car_id and dealership_id)

我想在JPQL中进行的查询是：

#Select List of cars in multiple dealerships
SELECT car_id FROM car_dealership WHERE dealership_id IN(1,2,3,56,78,999);

使JPQL等效的正确方法是什么？

我的 Java 方法签名是：

public List<Car> findByDealership(List<Dealership> dealerships);

我试过

    //TOTALLY WRONG QUERY CALL!!!     
    Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT c FROM Car c WHERE :dealer_ids IN c.dealerships");
    List<Long> dealerIds = new ArrayList<Long>();
    for(Dealership d : dealerships) {
        dealerIds.add(d.getId());
    }
    query.setParameter(":dealer_ids", dealerIds); 
    List<Dealership> result = (List<Dealership>) query.getResultList();
    return result;
}

以下是我在java中对这种关系的JPA注释：

@Entity
@Table(name = "car")
public class Car implements Serializable {

     //Setup of values and whatnot....
     @ManyToMany
     @JoinTable(name = "car_dealership", joinColumns =
     @JoinColumn(name = "car_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
     inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "dealership_id", referencedColumnName = "id"))
     private List<Dealership> dealerships;

     ... other stuff (getters/setters)

}

@Entity
@Table(name = "property")
public class Dealership implements Serializable {

    //Setting of values and whatnot

    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "dealerships")
    private List<Car> cars;

    .... other stuff(getters/setters)

}

编辑

我也尝试过：

 Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT c FROM Car c INNER JOIN c.dealerships d WHERE d IN (:deals)");
 query.setParameter("deals", dealerships);

这抛出了错误：

org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.QueryException

Exception Description: Object comparisons can only use the equal() or notEqual() operators.  
Other comparisons must be done through query keys or direct attribute level comparisons. 

Expression: [
Relation operator [ IN ]
Query Key dealerships
  Base stackoverflow.question.Car
Constant [
Parameter deals]]