如何在JTextField中显示淡灰色的“鬼文本”？

java swing jtextfield

2022-09-02 11:37:20

我不知道我是否得到了正确的名称，但我正在研究是否有一种特定的方法来实现文本字段，以便在它没有焦点并且是空的时，在字段中显示一个淡灰色的文本字符串。单击该字段时，文本应该会消失，就像 StackOverflow 中的搜索栏的工作方式一样。我知道我可以改变使用和集中听众来实现这一点，但我只是想知道是否有人知道一些Java实现可以为我处理这个问题。setForeground()

答案 1

对于它的价值，我发现实际实现它很有趣，所以我想与你分享（我不是在寻找选票）。

这真的是非侵入性的，因为你所要做的就是打电话。代码的其余部分只是为了让它运行。new GhostText(textField, "Please enter some text here...");

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.FocusEvent;
import java.awt.event.FocusListener;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentEvent;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentListener;

public class Test {

    public static class GhostText implements FocusListener, DocumentListener, PropertyChangeListener {
        private final JTextField textfield;
        private boolean isEmpty;
        private Color ghostColor;
        private Color foregroundColor;
        private final String ghostText;

        protected GhostText(final JTextField textfield, String ghostText) {
            super();
            this.textfield = textfield;
            this.ghostText = ghostText;
            this.ghostColor = Color.LIGHT_GRAY;
            textfield.addFocusListener(this);
            registerListeners();
            updateState();
            if (!this.textfield.hasFocus()) {
                focusLost(null);
            }
        }

        public void delete() {
            unregisterListeners();
            textfield.removeFocusListener(this);
        }

        private void registerListeners() {
            textfield.getDocument().addDocumentListener(this);
            textfield.addPropertyChangeListener("foreground", this);
        }

        private void unregisterListeners() {
            textfield.getDocument().removeDocumentListener(this);
            textfield.removePropertyChangeListener("foreground", this);
        }

        public Color getGhostColor() {
            return ghostColor;
        }

        public void setGhostColor(Color ghostColor) {
            this.ghostColor = ghostColor;
        }

        private void updateState() {
            isEmpty = textfield.getText().length() == 0;
            foregroundColor = textfield.getForeground();
        }

        @Override
        public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) {
            if (isEmpty) {
                unregisterListeners();
                try {
                    textfield.setText("");
                    textfield.setForeground(foregroundColor);
                } finally {
                    registerListeners();
                }
            }

        }

        @Override
        public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) {
            if (isEmpty) {
                unregisterListeners();
                try {
                    textfield.setText(ghostText);
                    textfield.setForeground(ghostColor);
                } finally {
                    registerListeners();
                }
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt) {
            updateState();
        }

        @Override
        public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
            updateState();
        }

        @Override
        public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
            updateState();
        }

        @Override
        public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
            updateState();
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                init();
            }
        });
    }

    public static void init() {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test ghost text");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
        JTextField textField = new JTextField();
        JButton button = new JButton("Grab focus");
        GhostText ghostText = new GhostText(textField, "Please enter some text here...");
        textField.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 24));
        panel.add(textField);
        panel.add(button);
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        button.grabFocus();
    }
}

答案 2

非常感谢纪尧姆，这非常好！

为了便于使用，我只是更改了一些内容：

使用JTextComponent而不是JTextField，因此它可以处理所有文本输入
取出测试类，使其公开和非静态，使其独立

代码如下：

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.FocusEvent;
import java.awt.event.FocusListener;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;

import javax.swing.event.DocumentEvent;
import javax.swing.event.DocumentListener;
import javax.swing.text.JTextComponent;

public class GhostText implements FocusListener, DocumentListener, PropertyChangeListener
{
    private final JTextComponent textComp;
    private boolean isEmpty;
    private Color ghostColor;
    private Color foregroundColor;
    private final String ghostText;

    public GhostText(final JTextComponent textComp, String ghostText)
    {
        super();
        this.textComp = textComp;
        this.ghostText = ghostText;
        this.ghostColor = Color.LIGHT_GRAY;
        textComp.addFocusListener(this);
        registerListeners();
        updateState();
        if (!this.textComp.hasFocus())
        {
            focusLost(null);
        }
    }

    public void delete()
    {
        unregisterListeners();
        textComp.removeFocusListener(this);
    }

    private void registerListeners()
    {
        textComp.getDocument().addDocumentListener(this);
        textComp.addPropertyChangeListener("foreground", this);
    }

    private void unregisterListeners()
    {
        textComp.getDocument().removeDocumentListener(this);
        textComp.removePropertyChangeListener("foreground", this);
    }

    public Color getGhostColor()
    {
        return ghostColor;
    }

    public void setGhostColor(Color ghostColor)
    {
        this.ghostColor = ghostColor;
    }

    private void updateState()
    {
        isEmpty = textComp.getText().length() == 0;
        foregroundColor = textComp.getForeground();
    }

    @Override
    public void focusGained(FocusEvent e)
    {
        if (isEmpty)
        {
            unregisterListeners();
            try
            {
                textComp.setText("");
                textComp.setForeground(foregroundColor);
            }
            finally
            {
                registerListeners();
            }
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void focusLost(FocusEvent e)
    {
        if (isEmpty)
        {
            unregisterListeners();
            try
            {
                textComp.setText(ghostText);
                textComp.setForeground(ghostColor);
            }
            finally
            {
                registerListeners();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent evt)
    {
        updateState();
    }

    @Override
    public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e)
    {
        updateState();
    }

    @Override
    public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e)
    {
        updateState();
    }

    @Override
    public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e)
    {
        updateState();
    }

}