Java 8 接口默认方法似乎没有声明属性

2022-09-03 08:03:32

在我的应用程序中,我遇到了一个问题,即当类中的 getter 仅在接口中缺省时(Java 8 功能),因此没有 Java Beans 属性。即,对于正常方法调用,它的工作方式与标准方法相同,但对于通过“属性”进行访问,它的行为突然不同...

下面是一个测试用例:

import java.beans.Introspector;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils;

public class test
{
    public static void main (String[] arguments) throws Exception
    {
        // Normal language-level invocation, works fine.
        System.out.println (new Bean1 ().getFoo ());
        System.out.println (new Bean2 ().getFoo ());

        // Printing Java Beans properties; Bean2 doesn't have 'foo' property...
        System.out.println (Arrays.stream (Introspector.getBeanInfo (Bean1.class).getPropertyDescriptors ())
                            .map ((property) -> property.getName ())
                            .collect (Collectors.joining (", ")));
        System.out.println (Arrays.stream (Introspector.getBeanInfo (Bean2.class).getPropertyDescriptors ())
                            .map ((property) -> property.getName ())
                            .collect (Collectors.joining (", ")));

        // First call behaves as expected, second dies with exception.
        System.out.println (PropertyUtils.getProperty (new Bean1 (), "foo"));
        System.out.println (PropertyUtils.getProperty (new Bean2 (), "foo"));
    }

    public interface Foo
    {
        default String getFoo ()
        {
            return "default foo";
        }
    }

    public static class Bean1 implements Foo
    {
        @Override
        public String getFoo ()
        {
            return "special foo";
        }
    }

    public static class Bean2 implements Foo
    { }
}

结果:

special foo
default foo
class, foo
class
special foo
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: Unknown property 'foo' on class 'class test$Bean2'
        at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getSimpleProperty(PropertyUtilsBean.java:1257)
        at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getNestedProperty(PropertyUtilsBean.java:808)
        at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getProperty(PropertyUtilsBean.java:884)
        at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtils.getProperty(PropertyUtils.java:464)
        at test.main(test.java:21)

问题:我是做错了什么,还是Java中的一个错误?除了从不使用默认方法(对于 getters/setter)之外,是否有其他解决方法,以防您以后可能需要将它们作为“属性”进行访问?

我一直讨厌Java的“传统属性”,这些属性往往会因为你打错了喷嚏而破裂。


答案 1

这似乎确实是Beans中的错误遗漏。以下是除不使用方法之外的解决方法:Introspectordefault

public static void main (String[] arguments) throws Exception {
    testBean(new Bean1());
    System.out.println();
    testBean(new Bean2());
}
static void testBean(Object bean) throws Exception {
    PropertyDescriptor[] pd
        = Introspector.getBeanInfo(bean.getClass()).getPropertyDescriptors();
    System.out.println(Arrays.stream(pd)
        .map(PropertyDescriptor::getName).collect(Collectors.joining(", ")));
    for(PropertyDescriptor p: pd)
        System.out.println(p.getDisplayName()+": "+p.getReadMethod().invoke(bean));
}
public interface Foo {
    default String getFoo() {
        return "default foo";
    }
}
public static class Bean1 implements Foo {
    @Override
    public String getFoo() {
        return "special foo";
    }
}
public static class Bean2BeanInfo extends SimpleBeanInfo {
    private final BeanInfo ifBeanInfo;
    public Bean2BeanInfo() throws IntrospectionException {
        ifBeanInfo=Introspector.getBeanInfo(Foo.class);
    }
    @Override
    public BeanInfo[] getAdditionalBeanInfo() {
        return new BeanInfo[]{ifBeanInfo};
    }
}
public static class Bean2 implements Foo { }
class, foo
class: class helper.PropTest$Bean1
foo: special foo
class, foo
class: class helper.PropTest$Bean2
foo: default foo

答案 2

我不知道我的答案是否有帮助,但我通过使用Spring解决了类似的问题。它理解默认方法。BeanUtils.getPropertyDescriptors(clazz)


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