如果不指定类型参数，则不能将 Java 8 方法与 lambda 参数一起使用

我用类型参数制作了一个方法，使用这些类型参数返回泛型类型，并获取也依赖于类型参数的参数。当我使用 lambdas 作为参数时，编译器强制我指定方法的类型参数，这感觉不对。Function

我正在设计一个实用程序类，其中包含要与.它将每种集合条目映射到包含键和值元素的FlatEntry，并且可以使用构建器在多个级别上执行此操作。受影响的方法是 。代码如下：Stream.flatMapflatEntryMapperBuilder

import java.util.function.Function;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class GdkStreams
{
    public static <T, K, V> Function<T, Stream<FlatEntry<K, V>>> flatEntryMapper(Function<T, K> keyMapper,
                                                                                 Function<T, Stream<V>> valueMapper)
    {
        return input -> {
            K key = keyMapper.apply(input);
            return valueMapper.apply(input).map(value -> new FlatEntry<>(key, value));
        };
    }

    public static <T, K, V> FlatEntryMapperBuilder<T, K, V> flatEntryMapperBuilder(Function<T, K> keyMapper,
                                                                                   Function<T, Stream<V>> valueMapper)
    {
        return new FlatEntryMapperBuilder<>(keyMapper, valueMapper);
    }

    public static class FlatEntryMapperBuilder<T, K, V>
    {
        private Function<T, K>         keyMapper;

        private Function<T, Stream<V>> valueMapper;

        private FlatEntryMapperBuilder (Function<T, K> keyMapper, Function<T, Stream<V>> valueMapper)
        {
            this.keyMapper = keyMapper;
            this.valueMapper = valueMapper;
        }

        public Function<T, Stream<FlatEntry<K, V>>> build()
        {
            return flatEntryMapper(keyMapper, valueMapper);
        }

        public <K2, V2> FlatEntryMapperBuilder<T, K, FlatEntry<K2, V2>> chain(Function<V, K2> keyMapper2,
                                                                              Function<V, Stream<V2>> valueMapper2)
        {
            return new FlatEntryMapperBuilder<>(keyMapper,
                                                valueMapper.andThen(stream -> stream.flatMap(flatEntryMapper(keyMapper2,
                                                                                                             valueMapper2))));
        }
    }

    public static class FlatEntry<K, V>
    {
        public final K key;

        public final V value;

        public FlatEntry (K key, V value)
        {
            this.key = key;
            this.value = value;
        }
    }
}

问题出在它的用法上。假设我有：

Map<String, Set<String>> level1Map;

我可以通过执行以下操作将子集中的每个元素映射到FlatEntry：

level1Map.entrySet().stream().flatMap(GdkStreams.flatEntryMapper(Entry::getKey, entry -> entry.getValue().stream()));

而且它工作得很好。但是当我尝试这样做时：

level1Map.entrySet()
         .stream()
         .flatMap(GdkStreams.flatEntryMapperBuilder(Entry::getKey, entry -> entry.getValue().stream()).build());

eclipse （Mars 4.5.0） 编译器中断了：

- The type Map.Entry does not define getKey(Object) that is applicable here
- The method getValue() is undefined for the type Object
- Type mismatch: cannot convert from GdkStreams.FlatEntryMapperBuilder<Object,Object,Object> to 
 <unknown>

Javac （1.8.0_51） 与：

MainTest.java:50: error: incompatible types: cannot infer type-variable(s) T,K#1,V#1
                 .flatMap(GdkStreams.flatEntryMapperBuilder(Entry::getKey, entry -> entry.getValue().stream()).build());
                                                           ^
    (argument mismatch; invalid method reference
      method getKey in interface Entry<K#2,V#2> cannot be applied to given types
        required: no arguments
        found: Object
        reason: actual and formal argument lists differ in length)
  where T,K#1,V#1,K#2,V#2 are type-variables:
    T extends Object declared in method <T,K#1,V#1>flatEntryMapperBuilder(Function<T,K#1>,Function<T,Stream<V#1>>)
    K#1 extends Object declared in method <T,K#1,V#1>flatEntryMapperBuilder(Function<T,K#1>,Function<T,Stream<V#1>>)
    V#1 extends Object declared in method <T,K#1,V#1>flatEntryMapperBuilder(Function<T,K#1>,Function<T,Stream<V#1>>)
    K#2 extends Object declared in interface Entry
    V#2 extends Object declared in interface Entry
MainTest.java:50: error: invalid method reference
                 .flatMap(GdkStreams.flatEntryMapperBuilder(Entry::getKey, entry -> entry.getValue().stream()).build());
                                                            ^
  non-static method getKey() cannot be referenced from a static context
  where K is a type-variable:
    K extends Object declared in interface Entry
2 errors

如果我用 替换，javac 会大大改变它的输出：Entry::getKeyentry -> entry.getKey()

MainTest.java:51: error: cannot find symbol
                 .flatMap(GdkStreams.flatEntryMapperBuilder(entry -> entry.getKey(), entry -> entry.getValue().stream()).build());

                                                                          ^
  symbol:   method getKey()
  location: variable entry of type Object
MainTest.java:51: error: cannot find symbol
                 .flatMap(GdkStreams.flatEntryMapperBuilder(entry -> entry.getKey(), entry -> entry.getValue().stream()).build());

                                                                                                   ^
  symbol:   method getValue()
  location: variable entry of type Object
2 errors

它通过指定类型参数可以很好地编译，这是我所期望的：

level1Map.entrySet()
         .stream()
         .flatMap(GdkStreams.<Entry<String, Set<String>>, String, String> flatEntryMapperBuilder(Entry::getKey,
                                                                                                 entry -> entry.getValue()
                                                                                                               .stream())
                            .build());

或指定其中一个参数类型参数：

Function<Entry<String, Set<String>>, String> keyGetter = Entry::getKey;
level1Map.entrySet()
         .stream()
         .flatMap(GdkStreams.flatEntryMapperBuilder(keyGetter, entry -> entry.getValue().stream()).build());

但这是笨拙的！想象一下，现在使用链方法（这是我的目标用法）在映射中编写具有2个级别的所有类型参数是多么笨拙：

Map<String, Map<String, Set<String>>> level2Map;

我已经阅读了许多其他关于lambdas和泛型类型推断的问题，但没有一个回答我的特定情况。

我错过了什么吗？我是否可以更正我的API，使其使用不那么笨拙，或者我是否始终坚持指定类型参数？谢谢！