从具有 DER 格式的字符串 base64 编码创建私钥和公钥

2022-09-03 17:23:06

我的私钥和公钥在base64的字符串中,其中使用ANS1 DER进行编码。我尝试创建java的实例并:PrivateKeyPublicKey

byte [] llave2 = DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(key);
PKCS8Key pkcs8 = new PKCS8Key( llave2, password.toCharArray()); //line 2
llave2 = pkcs8.getDecryptedBytes();                             //line 3
certificado = DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(cer);

KeyFactory kf = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");  
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec ks = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(llave2);
PrivateKey privateKey = kf.generatePrivate(ks);
X509EncodedKeySpec x = new X509EncodedKeySpec(certificado);
PublicKey publicKey = kf.generatePublic(x);

我在 中得到以下错误。PublicKey publicKey = kf.generatePublic(x)

    java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException: java.security.InvalidKeyException:     IOException: ObjectIdentifier() -- data isn't an object ID (tag = -96)
    at sun.security.rsa.RSAKeyFactory.engineGeneratePublic(Unknown Source)
    at java.security.KeyFactory.generatePublic(Unknown Source)
    at vital.cancelaciones.GeneraXMLCancelacion.main(GeneraXMLCancelacion.java:118)
Caused by: java.security.InvalidKeyException: IOException: ObjectIdentifier() -- data isn't an object ID (tag = -96)
    at sun.security.x509.X509Key.decode(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.x509.X509Key.decode(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.rsa.RSAPublicKeyImpl.<init>(Unknown Source)
    at sun.security.rsa.RSAKeyFactory.generatePublic(Unknown Source)
    ... 3 more

我想我应该对公钥做类似的事情,就像对第2行和第3行中的私钥所做的那样。因为证书也是加密的。有什么建议吗?


答案 1

为了测试您的方案,我使用 创建了一个 RSA 私钥。openssl

openssl genrsa -out private.pem 1024

然后,我已将此密钥转换为 PKCS#8 DER 格式。

openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -in private.pem -outform DER -out private.der -nocrypt

手册将PKCS#8和DER都称为格式,因此就我而言,会发生以下情况:openssl

  • pkcs8告诉我想使用PKCS#8格式的私钥。openssl
  • -topk8告诉它我将要指定的私钥不在PKCS#8中(否则它将假定它是)。-in
  • -inform并指定我要将 (PEM) 私钥转换为 PKCS#8(如果没有,它将尝试将已采用 PKCS#8 格式的密钥转换为标准密钥格式)。-in-topk8
  • -outform并告诉它我想要一个DER格式的密钥作为输出。-out
  • -nocrypt告诉它我不想加密密钥。

然后,使用我的RSA密钥(标准格式)我创建了一个证书。

openssl req -new -x509 -keyform PEM -key private.pem -outform DER -out public.der

证书包含与我的私钥对应的公钥。

在所有这些之后,我用Base64对私钥和证书进行了编码。

base64 private.der > private.der.b64
base64 public.der > public.der.b64

生成了以下文件。

private.pem      # standard
private.der      # pkcs8/DER
private.der.b64 
public.der       # x509/DER
public.der.b64   
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, GeneralSecurityException {
  // get a handle on the base64 encoded key and certificate
  File privateKeyFile = new File("private.der.b64");
  File publicKeyFile = new File("public.der.b64");

  // pull them into arrays
  byte[] privateKeyBytes = toByteArray(privateKeyFile);
  byte[] publicKeyBytes = toByteArray(publicKeyFile);

  // decode them
  privateKeyBytes = toDecodedBase64ByteArray(privateKeyBytes);
  publicKeyBytes = toDecodedBase64ByteArray(publicKeyBytes);

  // get the private key
  KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
  KeySpec privateKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(privateKeyBytes);
  PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(privateKeySpec);

  // get the public key
  CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509");
  Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(new ByteArrayInputStream(publicKeyBytes));
  PublicKey publicKey = certificate.getPublicKey();
}

private static byte[] toByteArray(File file) throws IOException {
  // java 7's try-with-resources statement
  try (FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
      FileChannel channel = in.getChannel()) {
    ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    channel.transferTo(0, channel.size(), Channels.newChannel(out));
    return out.toByteArray();
  }
}

private static byte[] toDecodedBase64ByteArray(byte[] base64EncodedByteArray) {
  return DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(
      new String(base64EncodedByteArray, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}

主要问题是你有一个证书而不是公钥。证书包含公钥,但不能加载 ,这就是为什么必须改用 的原因。X509EncodedKeySpec(...)CertificateFactory

(顺便说一句,这是一篇关于Java加密学用法的好文章/教程。我的信息部分来自那里。openssl


答案 2

推荐