Java Junit test HTTP POST request

post http java testing junit

2022-09-04 03:23:49

我需要测试以下方法，而无需更改方法本身。该方法使 POST 方法对服务器。但是我需要制作一个独立于服务器的测试用例。

在将其重定向到本地文件之前，我测试了类似的方法。但是为此，我将协议作为文件，主机名作为本地主机，端口作为-1。

我的问题是，这种方法做了一个帖子并投射到HttpURLConnection和wr = new DataOutputStream（conn.getOutputStream（））;无法通过 http 处理本地 txt 文件。

构造函数

public HTTPConnector(String usr, String pwd, String protocol,
            String hostname, int port) {
        this.usr = usr;
        this.pwd = pwd;
        this.protocol = protocol;
        this.hostname = hostname;
        this.port = port;

        // connect();
    }

我需要测试的方法

public String doPost(String reference, String data) throws IOException {
        URL url = null;
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        BufferedReader rd = null;
        DataOutputStream wr = null;
        InputStream is = null;
        String line = null;
        StringBuffer response = null;

        url = new URL(protocol, hostname, port, reference);
        conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

        conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Basic dGVzdDphc2Rm");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/xml");

        conn.setUseCaches(false);
        conn.setDoInput(true);
        conn.setDoOutput(true);

        // Send response
        wr = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
        wr.writeBytes(data);
        wr.flush();
        wr.close();

        // Get response
        is = conn.getInputStream();
        rd = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        response = new StringBuffer();
        while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) {
            response.append(line);
            response.append('\r');
        }
        rd.close();
        return response.toString();
    }

我可以测试的方法

public String doGet(String reference) throws IOException {
        connect();
        URL url = new URL(protocol, hostname, port, reference);
        InputStream content = (InputStream) url.getContent();

        BufferedReader xml = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(content));
        return xml.readLine();
    }

答案 1

下面是一个示例测试。请注意，我所做的断言是出于演示目的，您需要适应自己的需求。

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({ toTest.class, URL.class, HttpURLConnection.class })
public class soTest {
    /**
     * test response.
     */
    private static final String TEST_RESPONSE = "test\nresponse";

    /**
     * test data.
     */
    private static final String DATA = RandomStringUtils.randomAscii(125);

    /**
     * test port.
     */
    private static final int PORT = 8080;

    /**
     * test hosts.
     */
    private static final String HOSTNAME = "hostname";

    /**
     * test protocol.
     */
    private static final String PROTOCOL = "http";

    /**
     * test reference.
     */
    private static final String REFERENCE = "REFERENCE";

    /**
     * URL mock.
     */
    private URL url;

    /**
     * HttpURLConnection mock.
     */
    private HttpURLConnection connection;

    /**
     * Our output.
     */
    private ByteArrayOutputStream output;

    /**
     * Our input.
     */
    private ByteArrayInputStream input;

    /**
     * Instance under tests.
     */
    private toTest instance;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception
    {
        this.url = PowerMockito.mock(URL.class);
        this.connection = PowerMockito.mock(HttpURLConnection.class);

        this.output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        this.input = new ByteArrayInputStream(TEST_RESPONSE.getBytes());
        this.instance = new toTest(PROTOCOL, HOSTNAME, PORT);

        PowerMockito.whenNew(URL.class).withArguments(PROTOCOL, HOSTNAME, PORT, REFERENCE).thenReturn(this.url);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDoPost() throws Exception
    {
        PowerMockito.doReturn(this.connection).when(this.url).openConnection();
        PowerMockito.doReturn(this.output).when(this.connection).getOutputStream();
        PowerMockito.doReturn(this.input).when(this.connection).getInputStream();

        final String response = this.instance.doPost(REFERENCE, DATA);

        PowerMockito.verifyNew(URL.class);
        new URL(PROTOCOL, HOSTNAME, PORT, REFERENCE);

        // Mockito.verify(this.url).openConnection(); // cannot be verified (mockito limitation) 
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).getOutputStream();
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).setRequestMethod("POST");
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Basic dGVzdDphc2Rm");
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/xml");
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).setUseCaches(false);
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).setDoInput(true);
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).setDoOutput(true);
        Mockito.verify(this.connection).getInputStream();

        assertArrayEquals(DATA.getBytes(), this.output.toByteArray());
        assertEquals(TEST_RESPONSE.replaceAll("\n", "\r") + "\r", response);
    }
}


@Data
public class toTest {
    private final String protocol, hostname;

    private final  int port;

    public String doPost(String reference, String data) throws IOException
    {
        // your method, not modified
    }
}

依赖：

commons-lang 2.5
powermock-api-mockito 1.4.11
powermock-module-junit4 1.4.11
朱尼特 4.10
龙目岛 0.11.0 在测试类

答案 2

如果你没有机会重构被测方法，那么一种新的方法是模拟它使用的方法。乍一看，这似乎很困难，因为没有作为参数传入。但是，您可以通过控制从返回的连接来控制这一点。HttpUrlConnectionHttpUrlConnectionurl.openConnection

这由为传递给构造函数的协议注册到的协议处理程序控制。诀窍是注册一个新的协议处理程序（有关详细信息，请参阅 Java - 注册自定义 URL 协议处理程序）。java.net.URL

新的协议处理程序应返回一个模拟，然后可以在测试中使用。HttpUrlConnection