循环中的 JavaScript 闭包 – 简单的实际示例ES6 解决方案:let ES5.1 解决方案:forEach经典解决方案:瓶盖
var funcs = [];
// let's create 3 functions
for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
// and store them in funcs
funcs[i] = function() {
// each should log its value.
console.log("My value: " + i);
};
}
for (var j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
// and now let's run each one to see
funcs[j]();
}
它输出以下内容:
我的值:3
我的值:3
我的值:3
而我希望它输出:
我的值:0
我的值:1
我的值:2
当运行函数的延迟是由使用事件侦听器引起的时,也会出现同样的问题:
var buttons = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
// let's create 3 functions
for (var i = 0; i < buttons.length; i++) {
// as event listeners
buttons[i].addEventListener("click", function() {
// each should log its value.
console.log("My value: " + i);
});
}
<button>0</button>
<br />
<button>1</button>
<br />
<button>2</button>
...或异步代码,例如使用承诺:
// Some async wait function
const wait = (ms) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
// Log `i` as soon as each promise resolves.
wait(i * 100).then(() => console.log(i));
}
它在循环中也很明显:for in
for of
const arr = [1,2,3];
const fns = [];
for(var i in arr){
fns.push(() => console.log(`index: ${i}`));
}
for(var v of arr){
fns.push(() => console.log(`value: ${v}`));
}
for(var f of fns){
f();
}
这个基本问题的解决方案是什么?