Tomcat 连接池创建太多连接，卡在睡眠模式

java mysql connection-pooling tomcat

2022-09-01 23:44:24

我使用的是Tomcat 6.0.29，以及Tomcat 7的连接池和MySQL。测试我的应用程序，它不会重用池中的任何内容，但最终会创建一个新池，最终无法使用数据库，因为当池的最大活动大小设置为 20 时，池中有数百个休眠连接。

请参阅此处进行参考：

+----+------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host            | db     | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+----+------+-----------------+--------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
|  2 | root | localhost:51877 | dbname | Sleep   |    9 |       | NULL             |
|  4 | root | localhost       | NULL   | Query   |    0 | NULL  | show processlist |
|  5 | root | localhost:49213 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
|  6 | root | localhost:53492 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
|  7 | root | localhost:46012 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
|  8 | root | localhost:34964 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
|  9 | root | localhost:52728 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
| 10 | root | localhost:43782 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
| 11 | root | localhost:38468 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
| 12 | root | localhost:48021 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
| 13 | root | localhost:54854 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
| 14 | root | localhost:41520 | dbname | Sleep   |   21 |       | NULL             |
| 15 | root | localhost:38112 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 16 | root | localhost:39168 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 17 | root | localhost:40427 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 18 | root | localhost:58179 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 19 | root | localhost:40957 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 20 | root | localhost:45567 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 21 | root | localhost:48314 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 22 | root | localhost:34546 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 23 | root | localhost:44928 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 24 | root | localhost:57320 | dbname | Sleep   |   13 |       | NULL             |
| 25 | root | localhost:54643 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 26 | root | localhost:49809 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 27 | root | localhost:60993 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 28 | root | localhost:36676 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 29 | root | localhost:53574 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 30 | root | localhost:45402 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 31 | root | localhost:37632 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 32 | root | localhost:56561 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 33 | root | localhost:34261 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 34 | root | localhost:55221 | dbname | Sleep   |   29 |       | NULL             |
| 35 | root | localhost:39613 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 36 | root | localhost:52908 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 37 | root | localhost:56401 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 38 | root | localhost:44446 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 39 | root | localhost:57567 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 40 | root | localhost:56445 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 41 | root | localhost:39616 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 42 | root | localhost:49197 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 43 | root | localhost:59916 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 44 | root | localhost:37165 | dbname | Sleep   |   15 |       | NULL             |
| 45 | root | localhost:45649 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 46 | root | localhost:55397 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 47 | root | localhost:34322 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 48 | root | localhost:54387 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 49 | root | localhost:55147 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 50 | root | localhost:47280 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 51 | root | localhost:56856 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 52 | root | localhost:58369 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 53 | root | localhost:33712 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 54 | root | localhost:44315 | dbname | Sleep   |    1 |       | NULL             |
| 55 | root | localhost:54649 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 56 | root | localhost:41202 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 57 | root | localhost:59393 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 58 | root | localhost:38304 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 59 | root | localhost:34548 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 60 | root | localhost:49567 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 61 | root | localhost:48077 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 62 | root | localhost:48586 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 63 | root | localhost:45308 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |
| 64 | root | localhost:43169 | dbname | Sleep   |   14 |       | NULL             |

它为每个请求创建正好10个，这是minIdle & InitialSize属性，如下所示。

下面是嵌入到 jsp 页中的示例测试代码。代码不是我的应用程序中的代码，只是用来查看问题是否出在我的代码上，但问题仍然存在。

Context envCtx;
envCtx = (Context) new InitialContext().lookup("java:comp/env");
DataSource datasource = (DataSource) envCtx.lookup("jdbc/dbname");
Connection con = null;

try {
  con = datasource.getConnection();
  Statement st = con.createStatement();
  ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from UserAccount");
  int cnt = 1;
  while (rs.next()) {
      out.println((cnt++)+". Token:" +rs.getString("UserToken")+
        " FirstName:"+rs.getString("FirstName")+" LastName:"+rs.getString("LastName"));
  }
  rs.close();
  st.close();
} finally {
  if (con!=null) try {con.close();}catch (Exception ignore) {}
}

这是我的上下文.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Context>
    <Resource name="jdbc/dbname" 
              auth="Container" 
              type="javax.sql.DataSource" 
              factory="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory"
              testWhileIdle="true"
              testOnBorrow="true"
              testOnReturn="false"
              validationQuery="SELECT 1"
              validationInterval="30000"
              timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="30000"
              maxActive="20" 
              minIdle="10" 
              maxWait="10000" 
              initialSize="10"
              removeAbandonedTimeout="60"
              removeAbandoned="true"
              logAbandoned="true"
              minEvictableIdleTimeMillis="30000" 
              jmxEnabled="true"
              jdbcInterceptors=
"org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer"
              username="" 
              password="" 
              driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
              url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dbname?autoReconnect=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>

<WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource>
<WatchedResource>META-INF/context.xml</WatchedResource>
</Context>

我确信我可以使用demoveAbandonedTimeout到一个较低的数字，它会清除所有这些休眠连接，但这并不能解决真正的问题，不是吗？有谁知道我做错了什么？谢谢。

答案 1

目前，我没有一个环境来测试这一点，但是，我认为您应该在每次查询后关闭连接，语句和结果集;如果其中任何泄漏，则可能会使连接挂起处于空闲（但不一定返回到池）状态。

您收到的连接对象实际上应该是来自池层的某种代理;调用它会释放您对该连接的“保留”，并将其返回到池中。（它不一定会关闭底层的实际数据库连接。close

由于它可能保持打开状态（通常为打开状态），因此池层可能会将未关闭的语句或 ResultSet 解释为指示仍处于“忙碌”状态。

您可以检查（例如，调试器使这变得容易）Connection对象以在运行时识别其状态，以确认这一点。

为简单起见（...），我们在每次数据库连接调用后在块中使用以下令人讨厌的小例程：，确保它们会立即脱离上下文。finally… finally { closeAll (rs, st, con); }

    /**
 * Close a bunch of things carefully, ignoring exceptions. The
 * “things” supported, thus far, are:
 * <ul>
 * <li>JDBC ResultSet</li>
 * <li>JDBC Statement</li>
 * <li>JDBC Connection</li>
 * <li>Lock:s</li>
 * </ul>
 * <p>
 * This is mostly meant for “finally” clauses.
 *
 * @param things A set of SQL statements, result sets, and database
 *            connections
 */
public static void closeAll (final Object... things) {
    for (final Object thing : things) {
        if (null != thing) {
            try {
                if (thing instanceof ResultSet) {
                    try {
                        ((ResultSet) thing).close ();
                    } catch (final SQLException e) {
                        /* No Op */
                    }
                }
                if (thing instanceof Statement) {
                    try {
                        ((Statement) thing).close ();
                    } catch (final SQLException e) {
                        /* No Op */
                    }
                }
                if (thing instanceof Connection) {
                    try {
                        ((Connection) thing).close ();
                    } catch (final SQLException e) {
                        /* No Op */
                    }
                }
                if (thing instanceof Lock) {
                    try {
                        ((Lock) thing).unlock ();
                    } catch (final IllegalMonitorStateException e) {
                        /* No Op */
                    }
                }
            } catch (final RuntimeException e) {
                /* No Op */
            }
        }
    }
}

这只是语法糖，以确保没有人忘记放入更长，更丑陋的节（通常在ResultSet，Statement和Connection中重复三次）;并删除了我们的格式化程序将变成触及数据库的每个代码块的附带清理代码的全屏“视觉噪音”。if (null != con) { try { con.close () } catch (SQLException e) {} }

（其中的支持是对潜在异常的一些相关但令人讨厌的死锁状态的支持，这些状态与数据库根本没有太大关系，但我们以类似的方式使用来减少某些线程同步代码中的行噪声。这来自一个MMO服务器，该服务器可能一次有4，000个活动线程试图操作游戏对象和SQL表。Lock

答案 2

查看连接池的 maxAge 属性。（我注意到你没有设置它。

最大年限为

保持此连接的时间（以毫秒为单位）。当连接返回到池时，池将检查是否已达到“现在 - 连接时间”> maxAge，如果已达到，则关闭连接，而不是将其返回到池。默认值为 0，这意味着连接将保持打开状态，并且在将连接返回到池时不会执行任何期限检查。[来源]

基本上，这可以恢复您的休眠线程，并且应该可以解决您的问题。