我最近在Java中这样做了:
public static final Pattern DIACRITICS_AND_FRIENDS
= Pattern.compile("[\\p{InCombiningDiacriticalMarks}\\p{IsLm}\\p{IsSk}]+");
private static String stripDiacritics(String str) {
str = Normalizer.normalize(str, Normalizer.Form.NFD);
str = DIACRITICS_AND_FRIENDS.matcher(str).replaceAll("");
return str;
}
这将按照您指定的方式执行:
stripDiacritics("Björn") = Bjorn
但它会在例如比亚韦斯托克失败,因为字符不是变音符号。ł
如果要使用完整的字符串简化符,则需要第二轮清理,用于一些不是变音符号的更特殊字符。是这张地图,我已经包括了出现在我们的客户名称中的最常见的特殊字符。它不是一个完整的列表,但它会给你一个想法如何扩展它。不可变的Map只是来自google集合的简单类。
public class StringSimplifier {
public static final char DEFAULT_REPLACE_CHAR = '-';
public static final String DEFAULT_REPLACE = String.valueOf(DEFAULT_REPLACE_CHAR);
private static final ImmutableMap<String, String> NONDIACRITICS = ImmutableMap.<String, String>builder()
//Remove crap strings with no sematics
.put(".", "")
.put("\"", "")
.put("'", "")
//Keep relevant characters as seperation
.put(" ", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("]", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("[", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put(")", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("(", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("=", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("!", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("/", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("\\", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("&", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put(",", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("?", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("°", DEFAULT_REPLACE) //Remove ?? is diacritic?
.put("|", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("<", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put(">", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put(";", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put(":", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("_", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("#", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("~", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("+", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
.put("*", DEFAULT_REPLACE)
//Replace non-diacritics as their equivalent characters
.put("\u0141", "l") // BiaLystock
.put("\u0142", "l") // Bialystock
.put("ß", "ss")
.put("æ", "ae")
.put("ø", "o")
.put("©", "c")
.put("\u00D0", "d") // All Ð ð from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%90
.put("\u00F0", "d")
.put("\u0110", "d")
.put("\u0111", "d")
.put("\u0189", "d")
.put("\u0256", "d")
.put("\u00DE", "th") // thorn Þ
.put("\u00FE", "th") // thorn þ
.build();
public static String simplifiedString(String orig) {
String str = orig;
if (str == null) {
return null;
}
str = stripDiacritics(str);
str = stripNonDiacritics(str);
if (str.length() == 0) {
// Ugly special case to work around non-existing empty strings
// in Oracle. Store original crapstring as simplified.
// It would return an empty string if Oracle could store it.
return orig;
}
return str.toLowerCase();
}
private static String stripNonDiacritics(String orig) {
StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder
String lastchar = null;
for (int i = 0; i < orig.length(); i++) {
String source = orig.substring(i, i + 1);
String replace = NONDIACRITICS.get(source);
String toReplace = replace == null ? String.valueOf(source) : replace;
if (DEFAULT_REPLACE.equals(lastchar) && DEFAULT_REPLACE.equals(toReplace)) {
toReplace = "";
} else {
lastchar = toReplace;
}
ret.append(toReplace);
}
if (ret.length() > 0 && DEFAULT_REPLACE_CHAR == ret.charAt(ret.length() - 1)) {
ret.deleteCharAt(ret.length() - 1);
}
return ret.toString();
}
/*
Special regular expression character ranges relevant for simplification -> see http://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/perl/prog3/ch05_04.htm
InCombiningDiacriticalMarks: special marks that are part of "normal" ä, ö, î etc..
IsSk: Symbol, Modifier see http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/category/Sk/list.htm
IsLm: Letter, Modifier see http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/category/Lm/list.htm
*/
public static final Pattern DIACRITICS_AND_FRIENDS
= Pattern.compile("[\\p{InCombiningDiacriticalMarks}\\p{IsLm}\\p{IsSk}]+");
private static String stripDiacritics(String str) {
str = Normalizer.normalize(str, Normalizer.Form.NFD);
str = DIACRITICS_AND_FRIENDS.matcher(str).replaceAll("");
return str;
}
}