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无法序列化 HibernateProxy 的对象原因

java gson hibernate jakarta-ee jax-rs
2022-08-31 16:23:20

我从服务器收到以下错误响应。

HTTP 状态 500 -

类型异常报告

消息

描述服务器遇到内部错误 （），导致无法满足此请求。

例外

javax.servlet.ServletException： java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException： Tryed to serialize java.lang.Class： org.hibernate.proxy.HibernateProxy.忘记注册类型适配器？

根源

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException：尝试序列化 java.lang.Class： org.hibernate.proxy.HibernateProxy.忘记注册类型适配器？

从 Java 调试器：

org.hibernate.proxy.pojo.javassist.JavassistLazyInitializer@7632012e

我正在使用Gson将我的Java对象转换为JSON。下面我粘贴了我的一些代码。

这是我的资源：

@Stateless
@LocalBean
@Path("/autos")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public class AutoResource {

    @EJB
    private CarAssembler warehouse;
    @Context
    private UriInfo uriInfo;

    @GET
    public Response allAutos() {
        // Building a context, lots of code...
        // Creating a Gson instance and configures it...

        final Auto auto = warehouse.list(context);
        final String autoJson = gson.toJson(auto);

        return Response.ok(autoJson).build();
    }
}

CarAssembler只是一个调用存储库的服务。我没有在这里粘贴服务的代码。

存储 库：

@Override
public Question findById(final int id, final FetchType fetchType) {

    final Auto question = getEntityManager().find(Auto.class, id);

    if (fetchType == FetchType.LAZY) {
        return auto;
    }

    Hibernate.initialize(auto.getManufacturer());
    Hibernate.initialize(auto.getAssemblyHouse());

    return auto;
}

如您所见，我提供了对象的延迟加载和急切加载。我使用Hibernate.initialize来急切地获取JPA关联。但是，问题是我如何修复我收到的代理错误。为什么只有AssemblyHouse仍然附加到JavaAssist，而Company不是（我在Java Debugger中看到了这种类型）。我如何知道何时取消代理对象？我是否应该取消此自动可能具有的所有关联？在我的代码的哪一层？当我取消代理时，它是否会影响应用程序的性能？还有其他解决方案吗？我从错误消息中看到我可以制作类型适配器。是的，我可以，但是我必须为所有域对象执行此操作，以确保正确完成转换。也许当我尝试将其转换为JSON表示形式时，我的域中的其他对象也开始失败，但我不知道何时或为什么。其他物体都很好只是运气好吗？

这就是我取消处理对象的方式，但我还没有实现它，因为我不知道这是好是坏，在哪个层这样做，以及我应该什么时候做。我应该一直取消对象吗？

public class HibernateUtilities {

    public static <T> T unproxy(T proxy) {
        if (proxy == null) {
            return null;
        }

        if (proxy instanceof HibernateProxy) {
            Hibernate.initialize(proxy);

            HibernateProxy hibernateProxy = (HibernateProxy) proxy;
            T unproxiedObject = (T) hibernateProxy.getHibernateLazyInitializer().getImplementation();

            return unproxiedObject;
        }

        return proxy;
    }
}

堆栈跟踪，如请求：

[#|2012-11-22T17:17:13.285+0100|WARNING|glassfish3.1.2|javax.enterprise.system.container.web.com.sun.enterprise.web|_ThreadID=71;_ThreadName=Thread-8;|StandardWrapperValve[javax.ws.rs.core.Application]:
PWC1406: Servlet.service() for servlet javax.ws.rs.core.Application
threw exception java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: Attempted to
serialize java.lang.Class: org.hibernate.proxy.HibernateProxy. Forgot
to register a type adapter?
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapters$1.write(TypeAdapters.java:64)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapters$1.write(TypeAdapters.java:61)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.write(TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.java:68)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ArrayTypeAdapter.write(ArrayTypeAdapter.java:93)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.write(TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.java:68)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$1.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:89)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:195)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.write(TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.java:68)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$1.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:89)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:195)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.write(TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.java:68)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$1.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:89)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:195)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.write(TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.java:68)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.CollectionTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.write(CollectionTypeAdapterFactory.java:96)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.CollectionTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.write(CollectionTypeAdapterFactory.java:60)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.write(TypeAdapterRuntimeTypeWrapper.java:68)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$1.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:89)
    at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$Adapter.write(ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.java:195)
    at com.google.gson.Gson.toJson(Gson.java:586)
    at com.google.gson.Gson.toJson(Gson.java:565)
    at com.google.gson.Gson.toJson(Gson.java:520)
    at com.myapp.AutoResource.produceAuto(AutoResource.java:48)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at org.glassfish.ejb.security.application.EJBSecurityManager.runMethod(EJBSecurityManager.java:1052)
    at org.glassfish.ejb.security.application.EJBSecurityManager.invoke(EJBSecurityManager.java:1124)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.BaseContainer.invokeBeanMethod(BaseContainer.java:5388)
    at com.sun.ejb.EjbInvocation.invokeBeanMethod(EjbInvocation.java:619)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.interceptors.AroundInvokeChainImpl.invokeNext(InterceptorManager.java:800)
    at com.sun.ejb.EjbInvocation.proceed(EjbInvocation.java:571)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.interceptors.SystemInterceptorProxy.doAround(SystemInterceptorProxy.java:162)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.interceptors.SystemInterceptorProxy.aroundInvoke(SystemInterceptorProxy.java:144)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.interceptors.AroundInvokeInterceptor.intercept(InterceptorManager.java:861)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.interceptors.AroundInvokeChainImpl.invokeNext(InterceptorManager.java:800)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.interceptors.InterceptorManager.intercept(InterceptorManager.java:370)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.BaseContainer.__intercept(BaseContainer.java:5360)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.BaseContainer.intercept(BaseContainer.java:5348)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.EJBLocalObjectInvocationHandler.invoke(EJBLocalObjectInvocationHandler.java:214)
    at com.sun.ejb.containers.EJBLocalObjectInvocationHandlerDelegate.invoke(EJBLocalObjectInvocationHandlerDelegate.java:89)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.JavaMethodInvokerFactory$1.invoke(JavaMethodInvokerFactory.java:60)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.model.method.dispatch.AbstractResourceMethodDispatchProvider$ResponseOutInvoker._dispatch(AbstractResourceMethodDispatchProvider.java:205)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.model.method.dispatch.ResourceJavaMethodDispatcher.dispatch(ResourceJavaMethodDispatcher.java:75)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.uri.rules.HttpMethodRule.accept(HttpMethodRule.java:288)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.uri.rules.ResourceClassRule.accept(ResourceClassRule.java:108)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.uri.rules.RightHandPathRule.accept(RightHandPathRule.java:147)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.uri.rules.RootResourceClassesRule.accept(RootResourceClassesRule.java:84)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl._handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1469)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl._handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1400)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl.handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1349)
    at com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl.handleRequest(WebApplicationImpl.java:1339)
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.WebComponent.service(WebComponent.java:416)
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:537)
    at com.sun.jersey.spi.container.servlet.ServletContainer.service(ServletContainer.java:708)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:770)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.service(StandardWrapper.java:1550)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:281)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.__invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.doInvoke(StandardPipeline.java:655)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.invoke(StandardPipeline.java:595)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.__invoke(StandardHostValve.java:161)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.doService(CoyoteAdapter.java:331)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:231)
    at com.sun.enterprise.v3.services.impl.ContainerMapper$AdapterCallable.call(ContainerMapper.java:317)
    at com.sun.enterprise.v3.services.impl.ContainerMapper.service(ContainerMapper.java:195)
    at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.invokeAdapter(ProcessorTask.java:860)
    at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.doProcess(ProcessorTask.java:757)
    at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.process(ProcessorTask.java:1056)
    at com.sun.grizzly.http.DefaultProtocolFilter.execute(DefaultProtocolFilter.java:229)
    at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.executeProtocolFilter(DefaultProtocolChain.java:137)
    at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.execute(DefaultProtocolChain.java:104)
    at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.execute(DefaultProtocolChain.java:90)
    at com.sun.grizzly.http.HttpProtocolChain.execute(HttpProtocolChain.java:79)
    at com.sun.grizzly.ProtocolChainContextTask.doCall(ProtocolChainContextTask.java:54)
    at com.sun.grizzly.SelectionKeyContextTask.call(SelectionKeyContextTask.java:59)
    at com.sun.grizzly.ContextTask.run(ContextTask.java:71)
    at com.sun.grizzly.util.AbstractThreadPool$Worker.doWork(AbstractThreadPool.java:532)
    at com.sun.grizzly.util.AbstractThreadPool$Worker.run(AbstractThreadPool.java:513)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722) |#]

答案 1

您可以使用 自定义 .类似如下的内容：TypeAdapter

/**
 * This TypeAdapter unproxies Hibernate proxied objects, and serializes them
 * through the registered (or default) TypeAdapter of the base class.
 */
public class HibernateProxyTypeAdapter extends TypeAdapter<HibernateProxy> {

    public static final TypeAdapterFactory FACTORY = new TypeAdapterFactory() {
        @Override
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        public <T> TypeAdapter<T> create(Gson gson, TypeToken<T> type) {
            return (HibernateProxy.class.isAssignableFrom(type.getRawType()) ? (TypeAdapter<T>) new HibernateProxyTypeAdapter(gson) : null);
        }
    };
    private final Gson context;

    private HibernateProxyTypeAdapter(Gson context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public HibernateProxy read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported");
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
    @Override
    public void write(JsonWriter out, HibernateProxy value) throws IOException {
        if (value == null) {
            out.nullValue();
            return;
        }
        // Retrieve the original (not proxy) class
        Class<?> baseType = Hibernate.getClass(value);
        // Get the TypeAdapter of the original class, to delegate the serialization
        TypeAdapter delegate = context.getAdapter(TypeToken.get(baseType));
        // Get a filled instance of the original class
        Object unproxiedValue = ((HibernateProxy) value).getHibernateLazyInitializer()
                .getImplementation();
        // Serialize the value
        delegate.write(out, unproxiedValue);
    }
}

要使用它，您必须首先注册它：

GsonBuilder b = new GsonBuilder();
...
b.registerTypeAdapterFactory(HibernateProxyTypeAdapter.FACTORY);
...
Gson gson = b.create();

请注意，这将以递归方式初始化对象层次结构中的每个代理;但是，由于您必须序列化整个数据，因此无论如何都应该这样做。

这是如何工作的？

GSON包含许多实现，用于各种类型（基元类型，常见类型，如或，列表，数组...）。每个工厂都被要求是否能够序列化某个 Java 类型（参数 to 是 a 而不是 a，以便捕获有关泛型类型的可能信息，而泛型类型没有）。如果工厂能够序列化/反序列化类型，它将使用实例进行响应;否则，它将使用 .TypeAdapterFactoryStringDatecreateTypeTokenClassClassTypeAdapternull

HibernateProxyTypeAdapter.FACTORY验证类型是否实现 ;在这种情况下，它将返回 一个用于序列化的实例。当必须序列化实际对象时，将调用该方法;适配器提取基础对象的原始类型，并要求 GSON 提供原始类型的标准，该类型通常是 .HibernateProxyHibernateProxyTypeAdapterwriteTypeAdapterReflectiveTypeAdapter

然后，它检索原始类的实例，而不是直接使用代理。这是必要的，因为直接访问字段，而不是使用 getter;访问代理对象的字段不起作用，并且是经典的休眠陷阱。ReflectiveTypeAdapter

作为可能的性能改进，应在方法中获取委托。我发现调用代理似乎会产生原始基类。然后，代码可以变为：TypeAdaptercreategetSuperclass()Class

public static final TypeAdapterFactory FACTORY = new TypeAdapterFactory() {
    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public <T> TypeAdapter<T> create(Gson gson, TypeToken<T> type) {
        return (HibernateProxy.class.isAssignableFrom(type.getRawType())
                ? (TypeAdapter<T>) new HibernateProxyTypeAdapter((TypeAdapter)gson.getAdapter(TypeToken.get(type.getRawType().getSuperclass()))) 
     : null);
    }
};
private final TypeAdapter<Object> delegate;

private HibernateProxyTypeAdapter(TypeAdapter<Object> delegate) {
    this.delegate = delegate;
}

@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
@Override
public void write(JsonWriter out, HibernateProxy value) throws IOException {
    if (value == null) {
        out.nullValue();
        return;
    }
    delegate.write(out, ((HibernateProxy) value).getHibernateLazyInitializer()
            .getImplementation());
}

答案 2

看到好像您提到错误在急切加载时仍然存在，那么问题可能不是Hibernate，而可能是GSON实现。我认为在创建JSON时需要一个Type，不确定它是否已注册，但可能是这样的：

public String autosToJson(Auto autos) {  
    GsonBuilder gsonBuilder = new GsonBuilder();
    Gson gson = gsonBuilder.registerTypeAdapter(Auto.class, new AutoAdapter()).create();
    return gson.toJson(autos);
}

然后只需创建一个适配器类，例如：

public class AutoAdapter implements JsonSerializer<Auto> {
  @Override
  public JsonElement serialize(Auto auto, Type type, JsonSerializationContext jsc) {
    JsonObject jsonObject = new JsonObject();
    jsonObject.addProperty("auto_id", auto.getId());
    jsonObject.addProperty("auto_name", auto.getAutoName());
    jsonObject.addProperty("auto__manufacture_date", auto.getManufactureDate().toString());
    return jsonObject;      
  }
}

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