为什么并发标记和扫描 （CMS） 没有清理与完整 GC 相同的内存量？
2022-09-04 03:43:06
我的一台生产机器有一个奇怪的问题。它托管了一个执行CMS（并发标记和扫描）的Java应用程序，但它只清理了旧一代的一小部分。我怀疑内存泄漏并尝试了堆转储。但是堆转储之前的Full GC几乎清理了所有旧一代。发生了什么事情？我从未见过Java垃圾回收的这种行为。通常，CMS和Full GC应该收集大约相同数量的垃圾，现在CMS保留大约10GB。
- Java 1.7.0_75
- Linux Cent OS 7
指导性案例日志：
**2016-01-04T07:37:40.196+0000: 431200.698: [GC [1 CMS-initial-mark: 21633423K(27336704K)] 22826703K(30101504K), 4.3910840 secs] [Times: user=4.40 sys=0.01, real=4.39 secs]
2016-01-04T07:37:44.588+0000: 431205.090: [CMS-concurrent-mark-start]
2016-01-04T07:38:08.718+0000: 431229.220: [CMS-concurrent-mark: 18.213/24.131 secs] [Times: user=126.00 sys=2.22, real=24.13 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:08.718+0000: 431229.220: [CMS-concurrent-preclean-start]
2016-01-04T07:38:08.843+0000: 431229.345: [CMS-concurrent-preclean: 0.118/0.125 secs] [Times: user=0.29 sys=0.00, real=0.12 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:08.843+0000: 431229.345: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean-start]
CMS: abort preclean due to time 2016-01-04T07:38:13.906+0000: 431234.408: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean: 4.975/5.063 secs] [Times: user=10.18 sys=0.03, real=5.06 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:14.001+0000: 431234.503: [GC[YG occupancy: 1312993 K (2764800 K)]2016-01-04T07:38:14.001+0000: 431234.503: [Rescan (parallel) , 4.6981760 secs]2016-01-04T07:38:18.699+0000: 431239.202: [weak refs processing, 0.0002970 secs]2016-01-04T07:38:18.700+0000: 431239.202: [scrub string table, 0.0006900 secs] [1 CMS-remark: 21633423K(27336704K)] 22946417K(30101504K), 4.6993310 secs] [Times: user=105.40 sys=0.36, real=4.70 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:18.701+0000: 431239.203: [CMS-concurrent-sweep-start]
2016-01-04T07:38:27.967+0000: 431248.469: [CMS-concurrent-sweep: 9.160/9.267 secs] [Times: user=17.91 sys=0.10, real=9.26 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:27.968+0000: 431248.470: [CMS-concurrent-reset-start]
2016-01-04T07:38:28.028+0000: 431248.531: [CMS-concurrent-reset: 0.061/0.061 secs] [Times: user=0.14 sys=0.00, real=0.06 secs]**
2016-01-04T07:38:30.801+0000: 431251.303: [GC [1 CMS-initial-mark: 21633105K(27336704K)] 23039228K(30101504K), 5.6079370 secs] [Times: user=5.60 sys=0.01, real=5.61 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:36.409+0000: 431256.911: [CMS-concurrent-mark-start]
2016-01-04T07:38:54.673+0000: 431275.175: [CMS-concurrent-mark: 17.807/18.264 secs] [Times: user=119.97 sys=1.66, real=18.26 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:54.673+0000: 431275.175: [CMS-concurrent-preclean-start]
2016-01-04T07:38:54.799+0000: 431275.301: [CMS-concurrent-preclean: 0.119/0.126 secs] [Times: user=0.25 sys=0.00, real=0.13 secs]
2016-01-04T07:38:54.799+0000: 431275.301: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean-start]
CMS: abort preclean due to time 2016-01-04T07:39:01.382+0000: 431281.884: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean: 6.478/6.583 secs] [Times: user=12.23 sys=0.06, real=6.58 secs]
2016-01-04T07:39:01.487+0000: 431281.989: [GC[YG occupancy: 1596183 K (2764800 K)]2016-01-04T07:39:01.487+0000: 431281.989: [Rescan (parallel) , 3.5737630 secs]2016-01-04T07:39:05.061+0000: 431285.563: [weak refs processing, 0.0002690 secs]2016-01-04T07:39:05.061+0000: 431285.563: [scrub string table, 0.0005740 secs] [1 CMS-remark: 21633105K(27336704K)] 23229288K(30101504K), 3.5747910 secs] [Times: user=80.26 sys=0.27, real=3.58 secs]
2016-01-04T07:39:05.062+0000: 431285.564: [CMS-concurrent-sweep-start]
2016-01-04T07:39:21.895+0000: 431302.397: [CMS-concurrent-sweep: 9.449/16.834 secs] [Times: user=27.52 sys=0.16, real=16.83 secs]
2016-01-04T07:39:21.895+0000: 431302.397: [CMS-concurrent-reset-start]
2016-01-04T07:39:21.995+0000: 431302.497: [CMS-concurrent-reset: 0.099/0.099 secs] [Times: user=0.23 sys=0.01, real=0.10 secs]
2016-01-04T07:39:24.104+0000: 431304.606: [GC [1 CMS-initial-mark: **21631742K(27336704K)**] 23455261K(30101504K), 5.6592940 secs] [Times: user=5.67 sys=0.00, real=5.66 secs]
2016-01-04T07:39:29.764+0000: 431310.266: [CMS-concurrent-mark-start]
2016-01-04T07:39:56.859+0000: 431337.361: [CMS-concurrent-mark: 19.813/27.096 secs] [Times: user=140.17 sys=2.62, real=27.10 secs]
2016-01-04T07:39:56.859+0000: 431337.361: [CMS-concurrent-preclean-start]
2016-01-04T07:39:57.102+0000: 431337.604: [CMS-concurrent-preclean: 0.152/0.242 secs] [Times: user=0.35 sys=0.00, real=0.24 secs]
2016-01-04T07:39:57.102+0000: 431337.604: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean-start]
CMS: abort preclean due to time 2016-01-04T07:40:03.016+0000: 431343.518: [CMS-concurrent-abortable-preclean: 5.376/5.914 secs] [Times: user=11.65 sys=0.05, real=5.91 secs]
2016-01-04T07:40:03.016+0000: 431343.518: [GC[YG occupancy: 2045175 K (2764800 K)]2016-01-04T07:40:03.016+0000: 431343.518: [Rescan (parallel) , 3.4843400 secs]2016-01-04T07:40:06.501+0000: 431347.003: [weak refs processing, 0.0002510 secs]2016-01-04T07:40:06.501+0000: 431347.003: [scrub string table, 0.0006220 secs] [1 CMS-remark: **21631742K(27336704K)**] 23676918K(30101504K), 3.4853760 secs] [Times: user=78.31 sys=0.27, real=3.49 secs]
2016-01-04T07:40:06.502+0000: 431347.004: [CMS-concurrent-sweep-start]
{Heap before GC invocations=1832 (full 5077):
par new generation total 2764800K, used 2166647K [0x00000000bae00000, 0x0000000176600000, 0x0000000176600000)
eden space 2457600K, 77% used [0x00000000bae00000, 0x000000012e6a4c90, 0x0000000150e00000)
from space 307200K, 89% used [0x0000000150e00000, 0x0000000161939318, 0x0000000163a00000)
to space 307200K, 0% used [0x0000000163a00000, 0x0000000163a00000, 0x0000000176600000)
concurrent mark-sweep generation total 27336704K, used 21631644K [0x0000000176600000, 0x00000007fae00000, 0x00000007fae00000)
concurrent-mark-sweep perm gen total 49956K, used 30116K [0x00000007fae00000, 0x00000007fdec9000, 0x0000000800000000)
**2016-01-04T07:40:12.775+0000: 431353.277: [Full GC2016-01-04T07:40:12.775+0000: 431353.277: [CMS2016-01-04T07:40:17.924+0000: 431358.426: [CMS-concurrent-sweep: 9.211/11.422 secs] [Times: user=16.59 sys=0.15, real=11.42 secs]
(concurrent mode interrupted): 21631644K->4907878K(27336704K), 39.2467600 secs] 23798292K->4907878K(30101504K), [CMS Perm : 30116K->28023K(49956K)], 39.2468730 secs] [Times: user=39.24 sys=0.05, real=39.25 secs]**
同一应用程序在另一台使用 Cent OS 5 java 7 的机器上正常运行。
java -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=1581
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false
-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -verbose:gc -XX:+PrintGCDetails
-XX:+UseCompressedOops -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintHeapAtGC
-XX:+PrintTenuringDistribution -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC
-Xloggc:/usr/local/app/logs/current-gc.log -Xms29g -Xmx29g -XX:NewSize=3000m
-XX:SurvivorRatio=8 -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=70
-XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly
-Dsun.rmi.dgc.client.gcInterval=0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFE
-Dsun.rmi.dgc.server.gcInterval=0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFE
-cp /usr/local/app/conf:/usr/local/app/app.jar:/usr/local/app/lib/* -Xdebug
-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8099,server=y,suspend=n
-Dvisualvm.display.name=App -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
-XX:HeapDumpPath=/usr/local/app/logs/
-XX:ErrorFile=/usr/local/app/logs/hs_err_pid%p.log
-Djgroups.tcpgossip.initial_host=localhost
-Dlog4j.hostname=host7.company.com com.company.app.service.App
更新：问题仍未解决。我已经尝试了一切：更新操作系统包和内核，将Java更新到最新版本Java 1.7.0_80，回滚应用程序版本，但没有成功。
我还验证了以前的GC日志，发现这个问题不是永远的。它大约在一个月前开始，在部署之后。
