在EE6 / CDI / JPA项目中，无需任何进一步配置即可很好地获取测试。src/test/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml
在Spring中使用JPA时，以下内容适用于用于测试的应用程序上下文：
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!--
JPA requires META-INF/persistence.xml, but somehow prefers the one
in classes/META-INF over the one in test-classes/META-INF. Spring
to the rescue, as it allows for setting things differently, like by
referring to "classpath:persistence-TEST.xml". Or, simply referring
to "META-INF/persistence.xml" makes JPA use the test version too:
-->
<property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="META-INF/persistence.xml" />
<!-- As defined in /src/test/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml -->
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="myTestPersistenceUnit" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
在这里，（复制到 ）将优先于（复制到 ）。/src/test/resources/META-INF/persistence.xmltarget/test-classes/src/main/resources/META-INF/persistence.xmltarget/classes
不幸的是，文件的位置也决定了所谓的“持久性单元的根”，然后确定扫描哪些类以进行注释。因此，使用 将扫描 中的类，而不是 中的类（需要测试的类将位于该类的位置）。persistence.xml@Entity/src/test/resources/META-INF/persistence.xmltarget/test-classestarget/classes
因此，对于测试，需要显式地将条目添加到 中以避免 。通过使用不同的文件名（如 ），可以将该文件放在与常规文件完全相同的文件夹中，从而避免对条目的需求。然后，测试文件夹中的Spring上下文可以只引用 ，Spring将在中找到它。<class>persistence.xmljava.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not an entity: class ...<class>persistence-TEST.xmlpersistence.xml<property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="META-INF/persistence-TEST.xml" />src/main
作为替代方法，对于实际应用程序和测试，可能能够保持相同，并且只能在 中定义一个。大多数配置（如驱动程序，方言和可选凭据）都可以在Spring上下文中完成。还可以在上下文中传递等设置：persistence.xmlsrc/mainhibernate.hbm2ddl.auto
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<!-- For example: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver or org.h2.Driver -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="#{myConfig['db.driver']}" />
<!-- For example: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myDbName or
jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1 -->
<property name="url" value="#{myConfig['db.url']}" />
<!-- Ignored for H2 -->
<property name="username" value="#{myConfig['db.username']}" />
<property name="password" value="#{myConfig['db.password']}" />
</bean>
<bean id="jpaAdaptor"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<!-- For example: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect or
org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect -->
<property name="databasePlatform" value="#{myConfig['db.dialect']}" />
</bean>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaAdapter" />
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<!-- For example: validate, update, create or create-drop -->
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">#{myConfig['db.ddl']}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">#{myConfig['db.showSql']}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
